TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical features of the participants in each group.
| Characteristic | Schizophrenia patients (n = 99) |
First-degree relatives (n = 42) |
Healthy control (n = 69) |
Statistics | p |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| Age (years) | 29.84 (8.55) | 32.76 (7.97) | 25.62 (5.95) | 11.69 | 0.00 |
| Sex (male/female) | 39/60 | 17/25 | 38/31 | 4.43 | 0.11 |
| Education (years) | 12.68 (3.04) | 11.6 (4.31) | 13.35 (4.26) | 2.33 | 0.10 |
| Age of onset (years) | 24.31 (7.52) | ||||
| Duration of illness (years) | 5.58 (5.33) | ||||
| PANSS score | |||||
| Total | 79.37 (7.33) | ||||
| Positive | 26.12 (4.06) | ||||
| Negative | 16.52 (3.69) | ||||
| General | 35.73 (6.54) | ||||
| Cognitive performance | |||||
| Digit span | 13.55 (3.30) | 13.86 (9.41) | 15.36 (3.36) | 2.64 | 0.08 |
| Verbal fluency | 19.05 (6.51) | 21.25 (5.75) | 22.76 (5.18) | 7.86 | 0.00 |
| Digit symbol coding | 44.61 (13.03) | 57.63 (13.97) | 64.06 (13.72) | 43.73 | 0.00 |