Table 1. Baseline demographic, clinical characteristics and laboratory data of the unmatched patients.
| Characteristics | Total (n=201) | Vitamin C (n=35) | Non vitamin C (n=166) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 65±15 | 60±15 | 66±14 | 0.03 |
| Sex, male | 134 (66.7) | 27 (77.1) | 107 (64.5) | 0.15 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes | 50 (24.9) | 6 (17.1) | 44 (26.5) | 0.24 |
| Heart failure | 7 (3.5) | 1 (2.9) | 6 (3.6) | 0.82 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 9 (4.5) | 2 (5.7) | 7 (4.2) | 0.70 |
| Chronic lung disease | 50 (24.9) | 7 (20.0) | 43 (25.9) | 0.46 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 7 (3.5) | 2 (5.7) | 5 (3.0) | 0.43 |
| Stroke | 15 (7.5) | 2 (5.7) | 13 (7.8) | 0.67 |
| Malignancy | 24 (11.9) | 1 (2.9) | 23 (13.9) | 0.07 |
| Immunocompromised | 98 (48.8) | 18 (51.4) | 80 (48.2) | 0.73 |
| Organ transplantation | 7 (3.5) | 3 (8.6) | 4 (2.4) | 0.07 |
| Others | 48 (23.9) | 9 (25.7) | 39 (23.5) | 0.78 |
| WBC, /µL | 13,581±28,242 | 10,341±7,934 | 14,279±30,892 | 0.16 |
| CRP, mg/dL | 13±10 | 15±9 | 13±10 | 0.25 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 8±22 | 3±8 | 9±23 | 0.02 |
| Acute kidney injury | 80 (39.8) | 17 (48.6) | 63 (38.0) | 0.24 |
| CRRT | 71 (35.3) | 17 (48.6) | 54 (32.5) | 0.07 |
| Vasopressors | 130 (64.7) | 26 (74.3) | 104 (62.7) | 0.19 |
| Steroid | 132 (65.7) | 31 (88.6) | 130 (78.3) | 0.17 |
| ECMO | 19 (9.5) | 10 (28.6) | 9 (5.4) | <0.001 |
| APACHE scores | 27±9 | 25±9 | 27±9 | 0.26 |
| Day 1 SOFA scores | 9±4 | 10±4 | 9±4 | 0.66 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%), unless otherwise indicated. WBC, white blood cell; CRP, C-reactive protein; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment.