Table 3.
Area under the curve for plasma glucose, insulin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1, and peptide YY after glucose and sucrose ingestion in lean, overweight, and obese groups
| Lean | Overweight | Obese | P S × BMI | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose drink | Sucrose drink | P | Glucose drink | Sucrose drink | P | Glucose drink | Sucrose drink | P | ||
| Glucose, mg/dL·min | 12 748.82 (11 947.21-14 797.15) | 12 482.29 (11 667.45-13 764.18) | .10 | 14 572.29 (13 567.81-15 204.15) | 12 820.34 (11 023.39-13 697.80) | < .001a | 15 436.02 (13 136.42-16 931.52) | 13 032.50 (12 071.29-14 987.96) | .002a | .01a |
| Insulin, µU/mL·min | 6579.12 (3862.73-8919.79) | 4619.56 (3309.80-5783.88) | .001a | 8480.10 (6198.94-13 347.20) | 5587.19 (4652.37-9151.62) | < .001a | 9513.27 (7036.50-15 265.49) | 7698.57 (5935.15-10 225.52) | .001a | .69 |
| Acyl-ghrelin, pg/mL·min | 10 034.11 (7380.00-14 811.13) | 10 629.30 (7959.30-16 524.70) | .70 | 8188.05 (5445.88-10 748.05) | 8760.66 (6057.68-13 389.05) | .70 | 6147.23 (4153.58-11 395.90) | 7185.10 (4857.48-10 719.95) | .81 | .99 |
| GLP-1(7–36), pg/mL·min | 1862.18 (1039.51-2269.69) | 973.63 (744.63-1514.05) | .01a | 1579.65 (857.58-2033.08) | 1075.30 (421.74-1577.58) | .001a | 1123.38 (890.65-1557.03) | 675.11 (536.09-1270.79) | .11 | .38 |
| PYY(total), pg/mL·min | 8965.25 (6521.88-11 678.61) | 7970.68 (6513.69-10 236.38) | .34 | 8548.16 (5954.87-9764.59) | 8191.97 (5169.75-12 870.40) | .96 | 8371.34 (6206.44-10 767.04) | 7092.04 (4665.72-10 169.37) | .002a | .03a |
Data are median (25th percentile-75th percentile).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; PYY, peptide YY.
a P values are statistically significant between glucose and sucrose drinks. Adjusted for age, sex, and BMI; PS × BMI, P value for sugar × BMI group interaction, statistical significance if P less than .05.