TABLE 4.
EBP endorsement |
Non-EBP endorsement |
t-test results |
||||||
Mental health symptoms | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p-value | Mean difference | Effect size (d) | Confidence interval (CI for Cohen’s d) |
Common strategy | ||||||||
Depressive symptoms | 1.88 | 1.55 | 2.91 | 2.17 | p = 0.002 | 1.03 | 0.62 | [0.30, 0.94] |
Anxiety symptoms | 2.53 | 1.77 | 3.54 | 2.20 | p = 0.002 | 1.01 | 0.55 | [0.23, 0.87] |
Depressive symptoms (without distraction as EBP) | 1.63 | 1.47 | 2.34 | 1.78 | p < 0.001 | 0.72 | 0.43 | [0.20, 0.66] |
Anxiety symptoms (without distraction as EBP) | 2.37 | 1.69 | 2.92 | 1.97 | p = 0.006 | 0.55 | 0.30 | [0.07, 0.53] |
Effective strategy | ||||||||
Depressive symptoms | 2.00 | 1.65 | 2.30 | 2.01 | p = 0.17 | 0.004 | 0.18 | [−0.19, 0.54] |
Anxiety symptoms | 2.69 | 1.88 | 2.67 | 1.83 | p = 0.52 | 0.02 | −0.01 | [−0.37, 0.35] |
Depressive symptoms (without distraction as EBP) | 1.96 | 1.66 | 2.26 | 1.76 | p = 0.09 | 0.30 | 0.18 | [−0.08, 0.43] |
Anxiety symptoms (without distraction as EBP) | 2.72 | 1.88 | 2.58 | 1.87 | p = 0.72 | 0.14 | −0.08 | [−0.34, 0.18] |
Significant p-values are bolded. Depressive symptoms were measured by the PHQ-2 and anxiety symptoms were measured by the GAD-2.