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. 2021 Feb 25;12:642392. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642392

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Copyright © 2021 Xu, Li, Sang, Li and Du.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of trophoblasts on decidual T lymphocytes to form the immunotolerance. Tros promote the apoptosis of activated T cells through IDO and inhibit the cytotoxicity of CD8⁺ T cells via HLA-C and PD-L1. Th2 bias and Treg expansion induced by trophoblasts via multiple mechanisms are summarized in this diagram. Tros, trohoblasts; IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxyenase; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietins; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; IL, interleukin; TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; PD-L1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1.