Fig. 2. Relationship between bone mineral density (T-scores of hip and lumbar spine) and the Kellgren-Lawrence grade (KL grade). T-scores of mild OA group (KL grade 2) were the highest in all age groups. T-scores of the moderate and severe OA groups (KL grades 3 and 4) were lower than those of the non-OA group. T-scores were adjusted by age, sex, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The p-values for the relationship between KL grade and total hip and lumbar T-scores were < 0.001. Whiskers indicate standard deviation.