Table 1. Patient Characteristics by Emergency General Surgery and Trauma.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Emergency general surgery (n = 376) | Trauma (n = 396) |
|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 56.8 (18.5) | 41.9 (18.4) |
| Female | 190 (50.5) | 113 (28.5) |
| Admitted from | ||
| Home | 291 (79.3) | 331 (85.5) |
| Extended care facility | 66 (18.0) | 51 (13.2) |
| Other acute care hospital | 10 (2.7) | 5 (1.3) |
| Comorbidity | ||
| Hypertension | 170 (45.2) | 72 (18.2) |
| Congestive heart failure | 28 (7.4) | 13 (3.3) |
| Coronary artery disease | 48 (12.8) | 24 (6.1) |
| HIV positive | 2 (0.5) | 3 (0.8) |
| AIDS | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.5) |
| Non–insulin-dependent diabetes | 57 (15.2) | 26 (6.6) |
| Insulin-dependent diabetes | 41 (10.9) | 10 (2.5) |
| Smoker | 79 (21.0) | 83 (21.0) |
| Dyspnea on exertion | 18 (4.8) | 7 (1.8) |
| Dyspnea at rest | 9 (2.4) | 7 (1.8) |
| COPD | 29 (7.7) | 15 (3.8) |
| Ascites | 32 (8.5) | 5 (1.3) |
| On dialysis | 24 (6.4) | 6 (1.5) |
| Disseminated cancer | 26 (6.9) | 6 (1.5) |
| Chronic wound | 23 (6.1) | 6 (1.5) |
| Immunosuppression | 25 (6.6) | 6 (1.5) |
| Recent weight loss | 21 (5.6) | 8 (2.0) |
| Bleeding disorder | 52 (13.8) | 29 (7.3) |
| Ventilator dependence | 40 (10.6) | 50 (12.6) |
| Partially dependent | 19 (5.2) | 7 (1.8) |
| Completely dependent | 7 (1.9) | 1 (0.3) |
| Acute kidney failure | 59 (15.7) | 46 (11.6) |
| SIRS | 70 (18.7) | 121 (30.6) |
| Sepsis | 64 (17.1) | 0 |
| Septic shock | 57 (15.2) | 0 |
| Hemorrhagic shock | 8 (2.1) | 136 (34.3) |
| Preoperative transfusion | 34 (9.0) | 145 (36.6) |
| Case complexity | ||
| Level 1 | 9 (2.4) | 49 (12.4) |
| Level 2 | 151 (40.2) | 157 (39.6) |
| Level 3 | 209 (55.6) | 143 (36.1) |
| Level 4 | 7 (1.9) | 47 (11.9) |
| ASA class | ||
| I | 13 (3.5) | 20 (5.1) |
| II | 94 (25.3) | 95 (24.3) |
| III | 157 (42.2) | 96 (24.6) |
| IV | 94 (25.3) | 137 (35.0) |
| Surgeon years in practice | ||
| <6 | 184 (48.9) | 175 (44.2) |
| 6-10 | 121 (32.2) | 161 (40.7) |
| 11-30 | 51 (13.6) | 34 (8.6) |
| >30 | 20 (5.3) | 26 (6.6) |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiology; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.