FIGURE 2.

A 24-wk (“prevention”) feeding trial shows that soy + pea isolate markedly prevents the development of chronic ileitis in young (7-wk-old) “humanized” germ-free SAMP mice (Experiments 1, 5, and 6). Values are mean ± SD, n = 5–7. (A) Fecal MPO activity measured on days 60 and 120, and (B) ileitis severity measured by histology score for Experiment 1. (C) Percentage change from original BW over time. Day 0: baseline weight at start of diet. (D) Food intake, (E) cecum weight, and (F) adipose tissue (Tukey's test). (G) Blood glucose. (H) 16S microbiome 3-D principal component analysis showing OTU-based PLS-DA analysis, and (I) Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes relative abundance (y axis) for mice and donors with mean (bold) and SD (parentheses) for the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio shown above histogram bars. ^a,bMeans without a common letter differed at killing (1-factor Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA with Dunn's multiple comparison test). AD, American diet; AD-CHO, American diet modified by carbohydrate source; AD-fat, American diet modified by fat source; AD-mix, American diet modified by protein, fat, and carbohydrate source; AD-soy-p, American diet modified by protein source (soy and pea isolates); BW, body weight; con, control; MPO, myeloperoxidase; OTU, operational taxonomic unit; PLS-DA, partial least squares-discriminant analysis; SAMP, SAMP1/YitFC mouse line.