Table 2.
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) risk factors of study population in three phases of Isfahan cohort study
| CVDs risk factors | Assessed variables | Levels | Phases of study | Adjusted P value for trend | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2007 | 2013 | ||||
| Plasma glucose | FBG | Mean ± SD | 87.74 ± 31.1 | 99.73 ± 35.85 | 107.1 ± 38.95 | < 0.0011 |
| Normal (< 110) | 2570 (91.2%) | 2345 (82.6%) | 1101 (75.2%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (110–126) | 87 (3.1%) | 169 (6.0%) | 137 (9.4%) | |||
| Impaired (≥ 126) | 160 (5.7%) | 326 (11.5%) | 226 (15.4%) | |||
| Blood pressure | SBP/DBP | Mean ± SD | 120.22/77.67 ± 20.54/11.42 | 123.28/76.73 ± 19.83/11.62 | 128.36/83.64 ± 17.59/10.31 | < 0.0011 |
| Normal (≤ 120/80) | 1744 (61.9%) | 1546 (54.4%) | 563 (38.5%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (120/80–140/90) | 453 (16.1%) | 573 (20.2%) | 362 (24.7%) | |||
| Impaired (≥ 140/90) | 620 (22.0%) | 721 (25.4%) | 539 (36.8%) | |||
| Serum lipids | TG | Mean ± SD | 173.38 ± 78.8 | 172.97 ± 111.67 | 155.59 ± 89.83 | < 0.0011 |
| Normal (< 150) | 1238 (43.9%) | 1469 (51.7%) | 854 (58.3%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (150–200) | 690 (24.5%) | 539 (19.0%) | 328 (22.4%) | |||
| Impaired (≥ 200) | 889 (31.6%) | 832 (29.3%) | 282 (19.3%) | |||
| LDL-C | Mean ± SD | 130.36 ± 42.11 | 124.14 ± 30.1 | 111.07 ± 27.76 | < 0.0011 | |
| Normal (< 130) | 1456 (51.7%) | 1691 (59.5%) | 1114 (76.1%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (130–160) | 720 (25.6%) | 814 (28.7%) | 288 (19.7%) | |||
| Impaired (≥ 160) | 641 (22.8%) | 335 (11.8%) | 62 (4.2%) | |||
| HDL-C | Mean ± SD | 46.71 ± 10.11 | 45.89 ± 11.16 | 43.62 ± 10.88 | < 0.0011 | |
| Normal (> 60) | 288 (10.2%) | 288 (10.1%) | 75 (5.1%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (40–60) | 1775 (63.0%) | 1692 (59.6%) | 845 (57.7%) | |||
| Impaired (< 40) | 754 (26.8%) | 860 (30.3%) | 544 (37.2%) | |||
| Anthropometric indices | BMI | Mean ± SD | 26.57 ± 4.65 | 27.41 ± 4.39 | 27.96 ± 4.7 | < 0.0011 |
| Normal (< 25) | 1114 (39.5%) | 865 (30.5%) | 400 (27.3%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (25–30) | 1119 (39.7%) | 1226 (43.2%) | 622 (42.5%) | |||
| Impaired (≥ 30) | 584 (20.7%) | 749 (26.4%) | 442 (30.2%) | |||
|
WC (female/male) |
Mean ± SD | 94.11 ± 12.23 | 94.25 ± 11.37 | 97.31 ± 11.09 | < 0.0011 | |
| Normal (< 80 / < 94) | 975 (34.6%) | 934 (32.9%) | 333 (22.7%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (80–88/94–102) | 547 (19.4%) | 590 (20.8%) | 328 (22.4%) | |||
| Impaired (> 88 / > 102) | 1295 (46.0%) | 1316 (46.3%) | 803 (54.8%) | |||
| Laboratory inflammatory state | hs-CRP | Mean ± SD | 3.28 ± 1.51 | 4.97 ± 3.78 | 3.12 ± 4.38 | < 0.0011 |
| Normal (< 1) | 115 (4.1%) | 407 (14.3%) | 735 (50.2%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Borderline (1–3) | 1357 (48.2%) | 726 (25.6%) | 336 (23.0%) | |||
| Impaired (> 3) | 1345 (47.7%) | 1707 (60.1%) | 393 (26.8%) | |||
| Number of impaired CVDs risk factors (Impaired level vs. Borderline and Normal levels) | 0 | 290 (10.29) | 250 (8.8) | 173 (11.82) | < 0.0012 | |
| 1 | 811 (28.79) | 774 (27.25) | 439 (29.99) | |||
| 2 | 992 (35.21) | 927 (32.64) | 443 (30.26) | |||
| 3 | 535 (18.99) | 628 (22.11) | 292 (19.95) | |||
| 4 | 169 (6) | 225 (7.92) | 105 (7.17) | |||
| 5 | 20 (0.71) | 36 (1.27) | 12 (0.82) | |||
FBG: Fasting Blood Glucose; SBP/DBP: Systolic/ Diastolic Blood Pressure; TG: Triglycerides; LDL-C: Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: Body Mass Index; WC: Waist Circumference; hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
1P value obtained from linear mixed model adjusted for sex and age
2P value obtained from mixed effect ordered logistic regression model adjusted for sex and age