Figure 4.

Kaempferol accumulates in lateral root primordia. A, The number of emerged lateral roots was plotted as a function of concentration of kaempferol or quercetin for wild-type and the suite of flavonol mutants. Results from a linear regression are drawn and the p value and R square are: kaempferol (p = 0.0032, R² = 0.9094) and Quercetin (p = 0.1644, R² = 0.3465). Kaempferol has a significantly negative correlation with emerged lateral root number. B, Representative images of 8-day-old seedlings stained with DPBA are shown with K-DPBA (green) and Q-DPBA (yellow) imaged using two channel mode. Scale bar: 50 μm. C, DPBA fluorescence intensity was quantified for K-DPBA and Q-DPBA using a 100-pixel line (11.5 μm wide) drawn from the vasculature to the tip of the primordia, as represented by the black line on the tt4-2 DIC image. The average fluorescence of multiple roots taken at identical gain, laser intensity, and pinhole settings are shown. Statistics were calculated based on a two-way ANOVA with a Tukey post-hoc test with a total n: Col-0 (n = 23), tt4-2 (n = 13), tt7-2 (n = 22). Mutant values were compared with wild-type (∗p < 0.05, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001).