Table 3.
Factors associated with PIMs (JGS list) in patients prescribed anti-dementia drugs: univariate and multivariate analyses (n 7,953)
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PIMs (−) | PIMs (+) | p value | Exp(B) | 95% CI | p value | |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 82.9±6.7 | 83.0±6.7 | 0.000 | 0.990 | 0.982–0.998 | 0.015 |
| Sex (male), % | 33.1 | 25.0 | 0.513 | 0.620 | 0.551–0.700 | <0.001 |
| Number of drugs | 5.0±3.4 | 7.6±3.6 | 0.000 | 1.525 | 1.481–1.571 | <0.001 |
| Type of drugs | ||||||
| Cardiovascular | 2,817 | 1,797 | 0.000 | 0.406 | 0.357–0.462 | <0.001 |
| Respiratory | 321 | 229 | 0.010 | 0.488 | 0.392–0.606 | <0.001 |
| Gastrointestinal system | 2,243 | 1,909 | 0.000 | 0.827 | 0.725–0.942 | 0.004 |
| Hormonal | 274 | 192 | 0.029 | 0.447 | 0.356–0.561 | <0.001 |
| Urogenital system | 499 | 380 | 0.000 | 0.661 | 0.557–0.785 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin | 604 | 772 | 0.000 | 1.361 | 1.186–1.561 | <0.001 |
| Chemotherapeutic | 68 | 58 | 0.026 | 0.820 | 0.545–1.234 | 0.341 |
| Anti-allergic | 259 | 280 | 0.000 | 0.939 | 0.763–1.156 | 0.556 |
| Herbal | 666 | 612 | 0.000 | 0.891 | 0.774–1.027 | 0.111 |
| Antibacterial | 75 | 55 | 0.169 | 0.475 | 0.313–0.720 | <0.001 |
| Narcotic | 2 | 8 | 0.006 | 2.574 | 0.481–13.761 | 0.269 |
| Metabolic | 891 | 742 | 0.000 | 0.672 | 0.585–0.772 | <0.001 |
| Others | 2,159 | 1,476 | 0.000 | 0.432 | 0.380–0.490 | <0.001 |
PIM, potentially inappropriate medication; JGS, Japan Geriatrics Society; CI, confidence interval.