Table 3.

Mechanical properties of the tissues and different mattresses simulated in the modelling and corresponding characteristics of finite element mesh

Material	C10 [kPa]	K0 [kPa]	υ	E [kPa]	# of mesh elementsd
Skina	4	666.67	0.494	‐	237 638
Fata	0.4	66.67	0.494	‐	314 740
Musclea	0.225	37.5	0.494	‐	125 215
Boneb	‐	‐	0.3	7e6	43 240
Foam	‐	‐	0.3	5/15	32 436
Waterc	‐	‐	0.3	5	32 436
LAL/HALc	‐	‐	0.3	5	32 436

Abbreviations: C10, material parameter (temperature dependent for Skin tissue); K₀, initial bulk modulus; υ, Poisson's ratio; E, linear elastic modulus.

^aData adopted from literature.32

^bData adopted from literature.33

^cWater, LAL, and HAL mattresses elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio were chosen as 5 kPa and 0·3 for comparison.

^dAll mesh elements are C3D4T—4 node thermally coupled tetrahedron.