Table 3.

Logistic regression analysis of comparison between patients with diabetes at low risk and high risk of foot ulceration and patients with a foot ulcer^*

Risk factors	Univariate model			Multivariate model
	Odds ratio†	Odds ratio‡	Odds ratios§	Odds ratio†	Odds ratio‡	Odds ratios§
Male	0·917 (0·850–0·989)	2·317 (2·112–2·541)	2·563 (3·324–2·826)	0·958 (0·872–1·052)	2·325 (2·085–2·593)	2·508 (2·209–2·847)
Age (years)	1·037 (1·033–1·040)	1·034 (1·030–1·038)	1·0 (0·995–1·004)	1·024 (1·019–1·028)	1·016 (1·012–1·021)	0·990 (0·985–0·995)
Duration of diabetes (years)	1·056 (1·051–1·061)	1·067 (1·061–1·073)	1·012 (1·006–1·018)	1·041 (1·035–1·047)	1·061 (1·054–1·068)	1·019 (1·012–1·026)
Body mass index (kg/m2)	1·031 (1·025–1·038)	0·975 (0·966–0·985)	0·952 (0·943–0·961)	1·044 (1·036–1·052)	0·987 (0·977–0·996)	0·953 (0·943–0·963)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	1·010 (1·008–1·012)	1·014 (1·012–1·016)	1·003 (1·001–1·005)	1·007 (1·005–1·010)	1·009 (1·006–1·012)	1·001 (0·998–1·004)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	0·999 (0·995–1·002)	1·019 (1·015–1·023)	1·019 (1·015–1·023)	0·991 (0·987–0·996)	1·016 (1·010–1·022)	1·024 (1·018–1·030)
Smoking	1·176 (1·059–1·305)	1·652 (1·482–1·842)	1·376 (1·220–1·552)	1·228 (1·088–1·387)	1·083 (0·959–1·224)	0·893 (0·772–1·032)

^*Data is presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval).

^†Obtained by comparing low risk of ulceration with high risk of ulceration group.

^‡Obtained by comparing low risk of ulceration with foot ulcer group.

^§Obtained by comparing high risk of ulceration with foot ulcer group.