Table 2.
Protocol of ESWT and control treatments in the included studies
| Study/year | ESWT protocol | Protocol of CWT | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of ESWT | ED (mJ/mm2) | Frequency (pulses/cm2) | No. of treatment sessions per week | Total treatment course | Total number of treatment sessions | |||
| 1 | Dumfarth et al32 | fESWT | 0.1 | 25 | 1 | 1 wk | 1 | Non‐occlusive surgical dressing, absorbable sutures, staples, drains, debridement, and antibiotic treatment |
| 2 | Moretti et al33 | fESWT | 0.03 | 100 | 2 | 1.5 wk | 3 | Therapeutic footwear, debridement, and dressing |
| 3 | Wang et al26 | fESWT | 0.11 | 300 + 100 | 1/2 wk | 6 wk | 3 | 1. HBOT daily for 20 treatments; 2. CWT: offloading on the affected foot, wound cleansing with sterile normal saline solution, and application of silver sulfadiazine cream |
| 4 | Larking et al34 | dESWT | 0.1 | 200 + 100 | 1 | 4 wk | 4 | Debridement and dressing |
| 5 | Ottomann et al30 | dESWT | 0.1 | 100 | 1 | 1 wk | 1 | Non‐adherent silicone mesh and antiseptic gel (polyhexanide/octenidine) |
| 6 | Wang et al31 | fESWT | 0.23 | 500 | 2 | 3 wk | 6 | 1. HBOT daily for 20 treatments; 2. CWT: offloading on the affected foot, wound cleansing with sterile normal saline solution, and application of silver sulfadiazine cream |
| 7 | Ottomann et al29 | dESWT | 0.1 | 100 | 1 | 1 wk | 1 | Burn wound debridement and topical antiseptic therapy |
| 8 | Nossair et al35 | rESWT | 0.1 | 500 | 1 | 3 wk | 3 | Debridement, adequate pressure relief, and treatment of infection |
| 9 | Omar et al36 | dESWT | 0.11 | 100 | 2 (with 1wk interval) | 8 wk | 8 | Debridement, blood‐glucose control agents, and footwear modification for pressure reduction |
| 10 | Jeppesen et al37 | fESWT | 0.2 | 250‐500 | 2 | 3 wk | 6 | Standard wound care (Danish national clinical guidelines) |
Abbreviations: CWT, conventional wound therapy; ED, energy density; ESWT, extracorporeal shock wave therapy; dESWT, defocused extracorporeal shock wave therapy; fESWT, focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy; HBOT, hyperbaric oxygen therapy; rESWT, radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy.