Table 3.
Therapeutic parameters of ESWT of the selected studies and follow‐up time
| Authors | ESWT source | ESWT generators | EFD (mJ/mm2) | ESWT frequency (Hz) | Number of ESWT pulse (pulses/cm2) | Number of sessions | Time interval between sessions | Duration/follow‐up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variji et al., 2015 26 | Electromagnetic | Unfocused | 0·25 | N/A | 600 | 6–8 | N/A | 6–8 wks/N/A |
| Omar et al., 2014 27 | Pneumatic | Unfocused | 0·11 | N/A | 100 | 8 | 1 wk | 8/20 wks |
| Wang et al., 2014 28 | Electromagnetic | Unfocused | 0·11 | 4 | At least 500 | 6 | 12/5 yrs | |
| Nossair et al., 2013 29 | Pneumatic | Unfocused | 0·1 | N/A | At least 500 | 3 | 1 wk | 12 wks/N/A |
| Saggini et al., 2013 30 | Electrohydraulic | Unfocused | 0·1 | 4 | 300–600 | 7 | 1 wk | 7 wks/N/A |
| 0·04 | ||||||||
| Wolff et al., 2011 31 | Electrohydraulic | Unfocused | 0·1 | 5 | 167 (100–300) | 1–10 | 2 wks | 15–17 wks /1 year |
| Wang et al., 2011 32 | Electromagnetic | Unfocused | 0·23 | 4 | at least 500 | 6 | 12 wks/N/A | |
| Wang et al., 2009 34 | Electrohydraulic | Focused | 0·11 | N/A | 300 + 100 | 3 | 2 wks | 6 wks/N/A |
| Moretti et al., 2009 35 | Electromagnetic | Focused | 0·03 | N/A | 100 | 3 | 3 days | 20 wks/N/A |
| Saggini et al., 2008 36 | Electrohydraulic | Unfocused | 0·037 | 4 | 100 | 4–10 | 2 wks | 8–20 wks/NA |
| Schaden et al., 2007 37 | Electrohydraulic | Unfocused | 0·1 | 5 | 100 | 3 (1–10) | 2 wks | 8 wks/N/A |
EFD, energy flux density; ESWT, extracorporeal shock wave therapy; Hz, hertz; mJ/mm2, mill joule per millimetre;N/A, not available; wk, week.