Table 4.

Summary of the outcome measurements of the controlled clinical studies

Authors	Mean time of reepithelisation (days)		Reduction in WSA		Proportion of wound healing (%)		Blood flow		Safety and adverse reaction
	ESWT	C‐group	ESWT	C‐group	ESWT	C‐group	ESWT	C‐group
Omar et al., 2014 27	64·5 ± 8·06*	81·17 ± 4·35	83%*	63%	54% complete healing* 33·5% healed ≥ 50% 12·5% unchanged	28·5% completed healing 19% healed ≥50% 52·5% unchanged	N/A	N/A	Not observed
Wang et al., 2014 28	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	43% (DM group), 71% (NDM group) completed		DM group 0·11 (0·04–0·3)		Not observed
					healing 3% (DM group), 6% (NDM group)		NDM group 0·28* (0·07–0·8)
					healed ≥ 50% 27% (DM group), 10 (NDM group)
					unchanged 27% (DM group), 13 (NDM group) failure
Nossair et al., 2013 29	N/A	N/A	78%*	44%	83% complete healing*	49% complete healing	N/A	N/A	N/A
Saggini et al., 2013 30	N/A	N/A	80%*	67%	71% complete healing* 29% partially healed	40% completed healing 37·5% partially healed 22·5% unchanged	N/A	N/A	Not observed
Wang et al., 2011 32	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	57% complete healing* 32% healed ≥ 50% 11% unchanged	25% completed healing 15% healed ≥50% 60% unchanged	0·61* (0·40–0·79)	0·50 (0·11–0·53)	Not observed
Wang et al., 2009 34	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	31% complete healing* 58% improved 11% unchanged	22% completed healing 50% improved 28% unchanged	0·75* (0·46–1·28)	0·58 (0·51–0·66)	Not observed
Moretti et al., 2009 35	60·8 ± 4·7*	82·2 ± 4·7	N/A	N/A	53·3% complete healing*	33·3% complete healing	N/A	N/A	N/A
Saggini et al., 2008 36	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	53·3% complete healing*	10% complete healing	N/A	N/A	No adverse reaction

C‐group, comparison group; DM, diabetes mellitus; ESWT, extracorporeal shock wave therapy; N/A, not available; NDM, non‐diabetes mellitus; WSA, wound surface area.

*P value ≤ 0·05.