Table 1. Characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | Total n = 5,965 | Smoking status | |||
| Never-smokers n=1884 | Current smokers n=3389 | Past smokers n=692 | P value | ||
| Age, yr | 55.93 ± 0.12 | 55.65 ± 0.23a | 55.66 ± 0.16a | 58.04 ± 0.35b | < 0.001 |
| Age subgroups, yr | |||||
| 40-49 | 1789 (30.0) | 618 (32.8) | 1030 (30.4) | 141 (20.4) | |
| 50-59 | 1977 (33.1) | 576 (30.6) | 1161 (34.3) | 240 (34.7) | < 0.001 |
| 60-69 | 1685 (28.2) | 506 (26.8) | 949 (28.0) | 230 (33.2) | |
| 70-79 | 514 (8.6) | 184 (9.8) | 249 (7.3) | 81 (11.7) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.23 ± 0.04 | 24.71 ± 0.08a | 23.93 ± 0.06b | 24.38 ± 0.12c | < 0.001 |
| BMI subgroups, kg/m2 | |||||
| ≤ 23.9 | 2929 (49.1) | 820 (43.5) | 1794 (53.0) | 315 (45.5) | |
| 24.0-27.9 | 2233 (37.4) | 736 (39.1) | 1197 (35.3) | 300 (43.4) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 28.0 | 803 (13.5) | 328 (17.4) | 398 (11.7) | 77 (11.1) | |
| Cigarettes/day | |||||
| <10 | — | — | 747 (22.0) | — | — |
| 10-20 | — | — | 1300 (38.4) | — | — |
| >20 | — | — | 1342 (39.6) | — | — |
| Years of smoking, yr | — | ||||
| 1-5 | 100 (3.0) | ||||
| 6-10 | 154 (4.5) | ||||
| 11-15 | 207 (6.1) | ||||
| ≥16 | 2928 (86.4) | ||||
| Alcohol intake | |||||
| Never | 1664 (27.9) | 730 (38.7) | 793 (23.4) | 141 (20.4) | |
| Occasionally | 2188 (36.7) | 730 (38.7) | 1217 (35.9) | 241 (34.8) | < 0.001 |
| Frequently | 1798 (30.1) | 390 (20.8) | 1198 (35.3) | 210 (30.3) | |
| Quit | 315 (5.3) | 34 (1.8) | 181 (5.3) | 100 (14.5) | |
Data are presented as mean ± standard error or as n (%). a,b,c Values in the same row marked with different letters differ significantly from each other.