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TGF‐β1 expression on 3rd day (S3, R3 and B3) and 14th day (S14, R14 and B14) with S, saline; B, bupivacaine and R, ropivacaine. ∗ P < 0·05, ∗∗ P < 0·01 and ∗∗∗ P < 0·001. The lines represent the mean values ± SEM for the three treatment groups and the individual data points are represented by dots above and below the mean value.
