Table 2.
Summary characteristics of the ten studies where comparisons were made between the incidence of pressure ulcers where (a) the skin was protected with a prophylactic dressing and where no dressing was applied and (b) where the effect of different dressings upon pressure ulcer incidence was compared
| Study | Design | Population | Body sites reported | Prophylactic dressing | Pressure ulcer incidence with dressing use | Pressure ulcer incidence – no dressing use | Additional comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Santamaria et al. 2013 9 | RCT | Trauma/critically ill | Sacrum/heel | Soft silicone foam | 5/161 (3·1%) | 20/152 (13·1%) | None |
| Callaghan and Trapp 1998 10 | RCT | Respiratory unit | Nose | Hydrocolloid | 2/8 (25%) | 8/10 (80%) | No report of randomisation procedure |
| Weng 2008 11 | Cohort | ICU | Nose | Transparent film and hydrocolloid | Transparent film 16/30 (53·3%) and hydrocolloid 12/30 (40%) | 29/30 (96·7%) | None |
| Huang et al. 2009 12 | Cohort | During surgery | Nose | Hydrocolloid | 6/10 (60%) | 8/8 (100%) | Lengthy surgical procedures (with nasal protection 10·4 ± 3·5 hours, no nasal protection 9·8 ± 1·7 hours) |
| Forni et al. 2011 13 | Cohort | Orthopaedic | Heel | Polyurethane foam | 2/56 (3·6%) | 21/49 (42·9%) | Incidence of pressure ulcers among subjects with category 1 heel ulcers at baseline. No reporting of entire study population |
| Brindle and Wegelin 2012 14 | Cohort | ICU | Sacrum | Soft silicone foam | 1/50 (2%) | 4/35 (11·4%) | None |
| Cubit et al. 15 | Cohort | Acute medical wards | Sacrum | Soft silicone foam | 1/51 (2%) | 6/58 (10·3%) | None |
| Nakagami et al. 2007 16 | Within‐subject | Elderly care | Trochanter | Layered dressing with hydrocolloid containing ceramide 2 in contact with skin | 2/37 (5·4%) | 11/37 (29·8%) | Persistent erythema as outcome |
| Imanishi et al. 2006 17 | Not specified | During surgery | Sacrum | Polyurethane film | 10/98 (10·2%) | 22/103 (21·4%) | Limited information upon study design |
| Torra i Bou et al. 2009 18 | RCT | Community care | Heel | Gauze dressing and bandage, hydrocellular dressing | 3% (number of patients and pressure ulcers unreported) | 44% (number of patients and pressure ulcers unreported). Comparison was gauze dressing and protective bandage applied to foot | Numbers in each arm unspecified, total population recruited 130. No report of randomisation procedure |
ICU, intensive care unit; RCT, randomised controlled trial.