Table 3.
Complications among malaria patients with (n=108) and without multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (n=16)
| Parameter | Total number of malaria patients (%) | Number of MODS patients (%) | Number of non-MODS patients (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jaundice | 49 (39.51) | 49 (45.37) | 0 | 0.001 |
| Shock (MAP <70 mmHg) | 26 (20.96) | 25 (23.14) | 1 (6.25) | 0.188 |
| Impaired consciousness | 15 (12.09) | 15 (13.88) | 0 | 0.214 |
| Cerebral malaria | 4 (3.22) | 4 (3.70) | 0 | 1 |
| ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 <200) | 11 (8.87) | 11 (10.18) | 0 | 0.356 |
| Ventilatory support | 7 (5.64) | 7 (6.41) | 0 | 0.593 |
| DIC | 11 (8.87) | 11 (10.18) | 0 | 0.356 |
| Severe anemia (hemoglobin <5 g/dL) | 5 (4.03) | 4 (3.70) | 1 (6.25) | 1 |
| Leucocytosis (TLC >11 thousand/cumm) | 21 (16.93) | 18 (16.66) | 3 (18.75) | 1 |
| Leucopenia (TLC <4 thousand/cumm) | 19 (15.32) | 18 (16.66) | 1 (6.25) | 0.462 |
| Thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150 thousand/cumm) | 116 (93.54) | 105 (97.22) | 11 (68.75) | <0.001 |
| Hypoglycemia (RBS <40 mg/dL) | 5 (4.03) | 5 (4.62) | 0 | 0.619 |
| Acute kidney injury (serum creatinine >3mg/dL) | 19 (15.32) | 19 (17.59) | 0 | 0.128 |
| Hypokalemia (serum potassium <3.5 mmol/L) | 16 (12.90) | 15 (13.88) | 1 (6.25) | 0.479 |
| Hyperkalemia (serum potassium >5 mmol/L) | 12 (9.67) | 12 (11.11) | 0 | 0.224 |
| Hyponatremia (serum sodium <136 mmol/L) | 57 (45.96) | 52 (48.14) | 5 (31.25) | 0.319 |
| Hypernatremia (serum sodium >146 mmol/L) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1 |
| Proteinuria | 67 (54.03) | 64 (59.25) | 3 (18.75) | 0.005 |
MAP: Mean arterial pressure, ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, PaO2/FiO2: Partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, DIC: Disseminated intravascular coagulation, TLC: Total leucocyte count, RBS: Random blood sugar, MODS: Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome