Table 1.
Clinical features of the six patients and therapy regimen of IT‐DEX.
| Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | Patient 5 | Patient 6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at onset/Sex | 4y/M | 8y/M | 6y/F | 7y/M | 6y/M | 5y/M |
| Duration from fever to seizure onset(days) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 6 |
| The maximum dose of barbiturate(mg/kg/hr) | 7 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 12 | 9 |
| Head MRI findings (the day after onset) | (1) DWI HI at Lt. occipital lobe and Lt. HC, (3) DWI HI at bil. HC | (1) Normal, (4) HI at HC, (22) HI and atrophy at bil. HC | (2)DWI HI in putamen and caudate nucleus | (27) HI at HC | (1)Normal,(31)DWI HI at BG | (83) Cerebral atrophy, HI at cortex, and pons |
| Initiation day of IT‐DEX | 9 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 20 | 59 |
| Frequency of use IT‐DEX | 6 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 7 |
| IT‐DEX dose (mg/kg/dose) | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.18 |
| Anti‐seizure drugs prior to IT‐DEX administration | DZP, MDL, fPHT, TPL | MDL, TPL, TPM, LEV | DZP, MDL, fPHT, TPL, LEV, PB, KM | MDL, fPHT, TPL, LEV, ZNS, CLB, TPL, TPM, PB | MDL, TPL, TPM, LEV, fPHT, PB, KM | MDL, fPHT, PB, LEV, CLB, KBr, Thiamylal, TPL,TPM, KM, KD |
| Immunomudulating drugs prior to IT‐DEX administration(the number of times) | IVIG(1), IVMP(1) | IVIG(1), IVMP(2) | IVIG(1), IVMP(1) | IVIG(1), IVMP(1) | IVIG(2), IVMP(3) | IVIG(2), IVMP(2) |
| Drugs with IT‐DEX administration | PB, LEV, TPM, TPL | PB, LEV, TPM, TPL | TPL, KM, LEV, PB, PER | PB, LEV, TPM, TPL | TPL, MDL | MDL, TPM, VPA, PER |
Abbreviations: BG, basal ganglia; Bil.:bilateral; CLB, clobazam; DWI, diffusion‐weighted images; DZP, diazepam; fPHT, fosphenytoin; HC :hippocampus; HI, high intensity; IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin; IVMP, intravenous methyl prednisolone; KBr, potassium bromide; KD, ketogenic diet; KM, ketamine; LEV, levetiracetam; lt, left; MDL, midazolam; MRI, magnetic resonance image; PB, phenobarbital; PER, perampanel; rt, right; TPL, thiopental; TPM, topiramate; VPA, sodium valproate.