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. 2021 Mar 11;16(3):e0248534. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248534

Table 1. Characteristics of included studies.

Reference Year Region Study design Sample size Bismuth–Corlette classification Laparoscopic or robotic surgery Age: median(range)/mean±SD Gender: male/female
MIS OS MIS OS MIS OS
Xu et al. [31] 2016 China Retrospective cohort 10 32 Mixed Robotic 54(36–77) 59(37–77) 8/2 20/12
Zhang et al. [32] 2019 China Retrospective cohort 14 9 Mixed Laparoscopic 65.4±8.9 65.4±6.9 7/7 3/6
Jiang et al. [33] 2020 China Retrospective cohort 54 54 Bismuth type I Laparoscopic 67.7±2.3 67.7±2.2 29/25 28/26
Zhu et al. [34] 2018 China Retrospective cohort 10 24 Bismuth type I Laparoscopic 62.0±7.4 59.2±8.1 6/4 13/11
Gong et al. [35] 2014 China Retrospective cohort 14 5 Mixed Laparoscopic 58.5±3.6 54.9±4.5 8/6 3/2
Chou et al. [36] 2020 China Retrospective cohort 16 31 Mixed Robotic 68.0±7.0 60.0±9.0 11/5 20/11
Duan et al. [37] 2019 China Retrospective cohort 13 14 Bismuth type I Laparoscopic 59.2±8.0 62.0±7.4 N/A 8/6
Chai et al. [38] 2019 China Retrospective cohort 17 17 Bismuth type IIIb Laparoscopic N/A N/A N/A N/A
Ratti et al. [39] 2020 Italy Retrospective cohort 16 32 Mixed Laparoscopic 61(48–81) 63(43–80) 8/8 17/15