TABLE 3.
Factors associated with one or more plasma transfusions during inpatient hospitalizations in the 2016 Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) neonate
| Neonates |
Nonneonates |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. transfused (n = 4007) | % transfused (0.10) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | No. transfused (n = 5757) | % transfused (0.35) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 2391 | 0.12 | Reference | Reference | 3154 | 0.38 | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 1613 | 0.08 | 0.71 (0.66–0.77)* | 0.87 (0.80–0.95)† | 2602 | 0.32 | 0.84 (0.79–0.90)* | 0.95 (0.88–1.02) |
| Age group | ||||||||
| Infant (29 d to <1 y) | … | … | … | … | 1663 | 0.59 | Reference | Reference |
| Toddler (1–2 y) | … | … | … | … | 387 | 0.28 | 0.48 (0.39–0.59)* | 0.57 (0.46–0.71)* |
| Early childhood age (2–5 y) | … | … | … | … | 1079 | 0.35 | 0.60 (0.53–0.67)* | 0.64 (0.56–0.72)* |
| Middle childhood age (6–11 y) | … | … | … | … | 918 | 0.29 | 0.49 (0.42–0.57)* | 0.54 (0.46–0.65)* |
| Adolescent (12–18 y) | … | … | … | … | 1710 | 0.29 | 0.49 (0.41–0.59)* | 0.68 (0.55–0.83)* |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| White | 1354 | 0.07 | Reference | Reference | 2100 | 0.29 | Reference | Reference |
| African American | 731 | 0.14 | 1.93 (1.65–2.25)* | 1.00 (0.79–1.28) | 913 | 0.33 | 1.16 (0.97–1.37) | 1.32 (1.12–1.56)† |
| Hispanic | 850 | 0.12 | 1.61 (1.29–2.01)* | 1.45 (1.18–1.80)* | 1383 | 0.40 | 1.39 (1.14–1.70)† | 1.51 (1.26–1.80)* |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 189 | 0.09 | 1.19 (0.95–1.49) | 1.44 (1.20–1.75)* | 288 | 0.60 | 2.07 (1.60–2.68)* | 1.78 (1.45–2.19)* |
| Other | 291 | 0.11 | 1.50 (1.20–1.86)* | 1.20 (0.98–1.47) | 369 | 0.38 | 1.32 (1.05–1.66)† | 1.32 (1.03–1.68)‡ |
| Admission type | ||||||||
| Non-elective | … | … | … | … | 3366 | 0.26 | Reference | Reference |
| Elective | … | … | … | … | 2322 | 0.73 | 2.84 (2.41–3.34)* | 3.42 (2.89–4.07)* |
| Length of stay (days)§ | … | 20 (8–50) | 1.03 (1.03–1.03)* | 1.00 (1.00–1.00)‡ | - | 8 (5–19) | 1.02 (1.02–1.02)* | 1.00 (1.00–1.01)* |
| APR-DRG risk mortality subclass | ||||||||
| 1 | 192 | 0.01 | Reference | Reference | 363 | 0.06 | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 504 | 0.63 | 125.65 (101.90–154.95)* | 107.96 (86.46–134.81)* | 642 | 010 | 5.51 (4.58–6.35)* | 4.62 (3.77–5.64)* |
| 3 | 1606 | 4.12 | 855.01 (687.99–1062.56)* | 672.99 (528.73–856.61)* | 1825 | 0.68 | 27.58 (22.19–34.29)* | 22.14 (17.84–27.50)* |
| 4 | 1656 | 7.71 | 1660.64 (1196.45–2304.92)* | 1359.42 (950.92–1943.42)* | 2927 | 3.78 | 72.74 (57.08–92.70)* | 66.85 (52.29–85.46)* |
| APR-DRG risk severity subclass‖ | ||||||||
| 1 | 55 | 0.00 | Reference | … | 1261 | 0.10 | Reference | … |
| 2 | 181 | 0.02 | 12.15 (8.15–18.10)* | … | 1156 | 0.52 | 1.83 (1.51–2.23)* | … |
| 3 | 992 | 0.36 | 187.11 (133.80–261.66)* | … | 1788 | 2.57 | 12.31 (9.19–16.48)* | … |
| 4 | 2730 | 5.67 | 3023.94 (2101.60–4351.08)* | … | 1552 | 6.51 | 70.86 (50.43–99.57)* | … |
| Primary payer¶ | ||||||||
| Medicaid | 2114 | 0.12 | Reference | Reference | 2811 | 0.31 | Reference | Reference |
| Medicare | … | … | … | … | 24 | 0.40 | 1.27 (0.61–2.67) | 0.99 (0.47–2.09) |
| Private | 1512 | 0.08 | 0.71 (0.62–0.82)* | 1.12 (0.96–1.30) | 2230 | 0.35 | 1.13 (0.98–1.29) | 1.22 (1.05–1.42)‡ |
| Self | 103 | 0.06 | 0.49 (0.36–0.66)* | 0.79 (0.56–1.10) | 126 | 0.33 | 1.05 (0.80–1.39) | 1.23 (0.92–1.63) |
| No charge/other | 269 | 0.23 | 2.01 (1.24–3.25)† | 1.83 (1.28–2.61)† | 558 | 0.85 | 2.72 (1.57–4.71)* | 2.10 (1.39–3.17)† |
| In-hospital mortality‖ | ||||||||
| No | 2928 | 0.07 | Reference | - | 5052 | 0.31 | Reference | … |
| Yes | 1077 | 7.48 | 109.03 (96.48–123.21)* | - | 705 | 10.98 | 39.62 (33.31–47.12)* | … |
| Hospital control‖ | ||||||||
| Government, nonfederal | 445 | 0.09 | Reference | … | 627 | 0.31 | Reference | … |
| Private, nonprofit | 3130 | 0.11 | 1.19 (0.81–1.74) | … | 4846 | 0.38 | 1.23 (0.79–1.90) | … |
| Private, investor-owned | 432 | 0.08 | 0.84 (0.47–1.51) | … | 284 | 0.17 | 0.53 (0.19–1.51) | … |
| Hospital location/teaching¶ | ||||||||
| Urban teaching | 3649 | 0.14 | Reference | Reference | 5598 | 0.40 | Reference | Reference |
| Urban nonteaching | 345 | 0.04 | 0.26 (0.17–0.40)* | 0.69 (0.41–1.14) | 143 | 0.08 | 0.20 (0.12–0.34)* | 0.39 (0.22–0.70)† |
| Rural | … | … | … | … | 16 | 0.02 | 0.05 (0.03–0.10)* | 0.15 (0.08–0.30)* |
All data are weighted using survey weights provided by The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Plasma transfusion defined as at least one plasma transfusion procedure, identified using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes: 30233R1, 30243R1, 30253R1, and/or 30263R1. Data may not sum to 100% due to missingness. Bold type refers to any p <0.05.
p < 0.001.
p < 0.010.
p < 0.05.
Data are median and corresponding interquartile range (IQR) for admissions with at least one plasma transfusion.
Excluded from multivariable model due to high collinearity.
Neonates: Medicare primary payer status and rural hospital data are not reported due to low sample size (<10) in accordance with HCUPʼs privacy policy and reporting guidelines. Nonneonates: Medicare primary payer status, no charge/other primary payer status, urban nonteaching and rural hospital data estimates have a coefficient of variation above the threshold of 30%.
APR-DRG = all patient refined diagnosis-related group.