TABLE 4.
Factors associated with one or more platelet transfusion during inpatient hospitalizations in the 2016 Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) neonate
| Neonates |
Nonneonates |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. transfused (n = 5541) | % transfused (0.14) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | No. transfused (n = 13,843) | % transfused (0.85) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 3,215 | 0.16 | Reference | Reference | 7,498 | 0.91 | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 2,321 | 0.12 | 0.76 (0.72–0.81)* | 0.91 (0.85–0.97)† | 6,330 | 0.78 | 0.86 (0.82–0.91)‡ | 0.97 (0.92–1.03) |
| Age group | ||||||||
| Infant (29 d to <1 y) | … | … | … | … | 1,844 | 0.65 | Reference | Reference |
| Toddler (1–2 y) | … | … | … | … | 925 | 0.68 | 1.04 (0.89–1.22) | 1.28 (1.09–1.51)† |
| Early childhood age (2–5 y) | … | … | … | … | 3,716 | 1.21 | 1.86 (1.61–2.16)* | 2.10 (1.78–2.47)* |
| Middle childhood age (6–11 y) | … | … | … | … | 3,513 | 1.11 | 1.70 (1.47–1.96)* | 1.98 (1.68–2.34)* |
| Adolescent (12–18 y) | … | … | … | … | 3,844 | 0.65 | 1.00 (0.86–1.16) | 1.40 (1.18–1.66)* |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||
| White | 1,905 | 0.10 | Reference | Reference | 5,615 | 0.77 | Reference | Reference |
| African American | 1,207 | 0.23 | 2.26 (1.98–2.58)* | 1.25 (1.05–1.49)‡ | 1,602 | 0.58 | 0.76 (0.66–0.89)† | 0.88 (0.75–1.03) |
| Hispanic | 1,068 | 0.15 | 1.44 (1.22–1.70)* | 1.28 (1.10–1.49)† | 3,390 | 0.98 | 1.28 (1.05–1.55)‡ | 1.40 (1.17–1.67)* |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 231 | 0.11 | 1.03 (0.80–1.33) | 1.21 (0.99–1.47) | 673 | 1.38 | 1.82 (1.40–2.36)* | 1.52 (1.22–1.90)* |
| Other | 393 | 0.15 | 1.44 (1.16–1.78)* | 1.15 (0.94–1.39) | 889 | 0.92 | 1.19 (0.92–1.54) | 1.19 (0.93–1.52) |
| Admission type | ||||||||
| Nonelective | … | … | … | … | 9,312 | 0.71 | Reference | Reference |
| Elective | 4,463 | 1.39 | 1.97 (1.66–2.34)* | 1.74 (1.46–2.07)* | ||||
| Length of stay (days)§ | … | 27 (11–68) | 1.03 (1.03–1.03)* | 1.01 (1.00–1.01)‡ | 9 (4–22) | 1.02 (1.02–1.03)* | 1.01 (1.01–1.02)* | |
| APR-DRG risk mortality subclass- | ||||||||
| 1 | 630 | 0.02 | Reference | Reference | 3,209 | 0.24 | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 907 | 1.13 | 69.39 (61.36–78.46)* | 57.91 (50.68–66.18)* | 5,701 | 2.59 | 10.90 (9.96–11.93)* | 8.92 (7.98–9.96)* |
| 3 | 2,326 | 5.97 | 385.71 (338.23–439.85)* | 261.43 (224.55–304.37)* | 3,287 | 4.73 | 20.36 (18.43–22.48)* | 15.42 (13.82–17.21)* |
| 4 | 1,591 | 7.41 | 485.73 (368.89–639.57)* | 341.89 (252.65–462.65)* | 1,646 | 6.90 | 30.42 (26.38–35.08)* | 21.16 (17.88–25.04)* |
| APR-DRG risk severity subclass‖ | ||||||||
| 1 | 199 | 0.01 | Reference | … | 644 | 0.10 | Reference | … |
| 2 | 629 | 0.08 | 11.57 (9.54–14.04)* | … | 3,074 | 0.49 | 4.97 (4.20–5.87)* | … |
| 3 | 1,536 | 0.55 | 79.71 (65.34–97.23)* | … | 5,553 | 2.06 | 21.43 (18.08–25.39)* | … |
| 4 | 3,089 | 6.19 | 946.92 (754.75–1188.03)* | … | 4,573 | 5.91 | 63.88 (53.36–76.46)* | … |
| Primary payer | ||||||||
| Medicaid | 3,083 | 0.17 | Reference | Reference | 6232 | 0.70 | Reference | Reference |
| Medicare | … | … | … | … | 31 | 0.52 | 0.74 (0.39–1.43) | 0.54 (0.31–0.96)‡ |
| Private | 2,081 | 0.11 | 0.67 (0.61–0.74)* | 1.06 (0.95–1.19) | 6,031 | 0.96 | 1.38 (1.24–1.53)* | 1.41 (1.26–1.57)* |
| Self | 100 | 0.06 | 0.33 (0.24–0.44)* | 0.61 (0.45–0.84)† | 400 | 1.05 | 1.51 (0.90–2.53) | 1.50 (0.90–2.49) |
| No charge/other | 269 | 0.23 | 1.37 (0.94–2.00) | 1.24 (0.93–1.65) | 1,135 | 1.73 | 2.51 (1.59–3.95)* | 1.93 (1.41–2.64)* |
| In-hospital mortality‖ | ||||||||
| No | 4,438 | 0.11 | Reference | … | 13,200 | 0.81 | Reference | … |
| Yes | 1,097 | 7.62 | 73.36 (65.58–82.07)* | … | 642 | 10.01 | 13.60 (11.62–15.93)* | … |
| Hospital control‖ | ||||||||
| Government, nonfederal | 595 | 0.12 | Reference | … | 1,141 | 0.57 | Reference | … |
| Private, nonprofit | 4,482 | 0.15 | 1.27 (0.92–1.75) | … | 12,002 | 0.95 | 1.67 (1.09–2.56)‡ | … |
| Private, investor-owned | 463 | 0.08 | 0.67 (0.42–1.10) | … | 699 | 0.41 | 0.72 (0.29–1.79)‡ | … |
| Hospital location/teaching | ||||||||
| Urban teaching | 5,057 | 0.19 | Reference | Reference | 13,508 | 0.97 | Reference | Reference |
| Urban nonteaching | 460 | 0.05 | 0.25 (0.19–0.33)* | 0.64 (0.46–0.88)† | 319 | 0.18 | 0.18 (0.10–0.35)* | 0.35 (0.18–0.68)† |
| Rural | 23 | 0.01 | 0.03 (0.01–0.07)* | 0.12 (0.04–0.33)* | 16 | 0.02 | 0.02 (0.01–0.05)* | 0.05 (0.02–0.11)* |
All data are weighted using survey weights provided by The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Platelet transfusion defined as at least one platelet transfusion procedure, identified using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes: 30233 J1, 30233 K1, 30233 L1, 30233 M1, 30243 J1, 30243 K1, 30243 L1, and/or 30243 M1. Data may not sum to 100% due to missingness. Bold type refers to any p <0.05.
p < 0.001.
p < 0.010.
p < 0.05.
Data are median and corresponding interquartile range (IQR) for admissions with one or more platelet transfusions.
Excluded from multivariable model due to high collinearity.
Neonates: Medicare data are not reported due to low sample size (<10) in accordance with HCUPʼs privacy policy and reporting guidelines. No charge/other primary payer status and rural hospital estimates have a coefficient of variation above the threshold of 30%. Nonneonates: Urban nonteaching and rural hospital estimates have a coefficient of variation above the threshold of 30.