Table 1.

Summary of QUADS-2 tool assessment of the literature used in the meta-analysis.

Authors and year	Risk of bias
	Patient selection	Index test	Reference standard	Flow and timing
Cho et al. 2018	+	+	−	?
Tian et al. 2018	+	+	−	−
Hashido et al. 2018	+	−	−	?
Vamvakas et al. 2019	+	+	+	?
Zhao et al. 2020	+	−	−	?

Risk of bias: + = high, − = low, and ? = unclear risk.