Table 5.

Canine antimicrobial prescription choice as a percentage of total antimicrobial prescriptions, presented by class and for beta-lactams, by sub-class, and by intervention group split into pre- and post-intervention time periods.

CANINE Antimicrobial class	Control group % (95% CI)a		Light intervention group % (95% CI)			Heavy intervention group % (95% CI)
	Pre-intervention	Post-intervention	Pre-intervention	Post-intervention	P	Pre-intervention	Post-intervention	P
Aminoglycoside	10.94 (9.00–12.88)	5.50 (4.16–6.84)	10.60 (8.08–13.13)	6.17 (4.34–7.99)	0.444	9.81 (7.71–11.90)	6.04 (3.11–8.97)	0.699
Amphenicol	7.14 (4.88–9.39)	8.28 (6.22–10.33)	5.38 (3.44–7.31)	7.37 (5.23–9.51)	0.618	6.60 (4.21–8.99)	8.03 (4.85–11.21)	0.281
Beta-lactamb	41.71 (37.35–46.07)	44.84 (41.34–48.34)	43.48 (40.85–46.11)	45.15 (41.97–48.32)	0.259	41.87 (39.20–44.53)	41.83 (38.81–44.86)	0.204
Amoxicillin	5.27 (0.58–9.97)	4.00 (0.11–7.89)	4.58 (2.21–6.94)	4.09 (1.84–6.33)	0.684	6.83 (1.49–12.18)	5.36 (1.54–9.18)	0.849
Clavulanic acid potentiated amoxicillin	73.80 (69.84–77.76)	73.93 (69.43–78.43)	73.31 (68.49–78.14)	76.84 (71.08–82.60)	0.178	74.46 (69.46–79.46)	78.44 (72.21–84.68)	0.242
1st generation cephalosporin	18.85 (14.87–22.83)	20.73 (16.50–24.95)	20.43 (15.65–25.22)	17.55 (12.70–22.40)	0.711	16.13 (13.14–19.11)	15.17 (11.23–19.11)	0.125
2nd generation cephalosporin	0.10 (0.00–0.19)	0.07 (0.01–0.13)	0.06 (0.00–0.13)	0.05 (0.00–0.12)	1.000	0.29 (0.03–0.54)	0.02 (0.00–0.06)	0.482
3rd generation cephalosporin c	1.71 (1.13–2.30)	1.10 (0.65–1.54)	1.31 (0.83–1.80)	1.35 (0.85–1.84)	0.165	2.24 (1.61–2.86)	0.97 (0.50–1.45)	0.355
Penicillin	–	–	–	0.01 (0.00–0.03)	0.296	0.02 (0.00–0.05)	–	0.117
Other beta-lactams	0.38 (0.00–0.92)	0.09 (0.00–0.24)	0.30 (0.00–0.62)	0.15 (0.00–0.36)	0.644	0.09 (0.00–0.26)	–	0.729
Fluoroquinolonec	2.75 (2.17–3.33)	2.92 (2.18–3.66)	2.97 (2.32–3.62)	3.53 (2.57–4.49)	0.086	2.50 (1.51–3.49)	2.54 (1.88–3.21)	0.253
Fusidic acid	18.03 (16.35–19.71)	13.39 (11.78–15.00)	19.40 (18.24–20.56)	15.03 (13.06–17.01)	0.209	19.97 (18.74–21.19)	18.02 (15.82–20.21)	0.862
Lincosamide	3.96 (2.76–5.17)	3.89 (2.69–5.09)	2.73 (2.06–3.40)	2.20 (1.61–2.79)	0.397	3.55 (2.32–4.78)	3.20 (2.35–4.04)	0.182
Macrolidec	0.03 (0.01–0.06)	0.03 (0.00–0.05)	0.04 (0.01–0.08)	0.03 (0.01–0.06)	0.423	0.03 (0.00–0.06)	0.02 (0.00–0.04)	0.593
Nitroimidazole	6.83 (4.96–8.70)	7.46 (5.83–9.09)	5.52 (3.73–7.31)	6.13 (4.53–7.72)	0.824	6.21 (4.27–8.15)	5.65 (4.28–8.83)	0.209
Nitroimidazole-macrolide	0.20 (0.05–0.34)	0.19 (0.07–0.32)	0.29 (0.06–0.51)	0.34 (0.08–0.60)	0.280	0.44 (0.00–1.10)	0.21 (0.00–0.46)	0.813
Other antimicrobials	7.12 (5.29–8.95)	12.56 (10.68–14.44)	8.86 (6.71–11.00)	13.45 (11.28–15.61)	0.137	8.25 (7.12–9.38)	12.76 (10.88–14.65)	0.253
Sulphonamide	0.05 (0.00–0.11)	–	0.02 (0.00–0.05)	–	1.000	0.06 (0.00–0.13)	0.05 (0.00–0.12)	0.232
Tetracycline	1.25 (0.81–1.70)	0.99 (0.41–1.56)	0.71 (0.46–0.95)	0.61 (0.38–0.84)	0.612	0.69 (0.38–1.00)	0.81 (0.45–1.17)	0.317

Also included are P value outputs of a series of mixed effects panel regression models, modelling antimicrobial class or sub-class against intervention group, pre- and post-intervention. Full regression model outputs are available in Supplementary Table 10. Data is derived from 18,599 pre-intervention and 15,966 post-intervention CG antimicrobial prescriptions; 22,678 pre-intervention and 20,827 post-intervention LIG antimicrobial prescriptions, and 13,199 pre-intervention and 11,024 post-intervention HIG antimicrobial prescriptions.

^a95% Confidence interval.

^bFindings presented in italics are expressed as a percentage of total beta-lactam prescription within intervention groups i.e., in the control group pre-intervention, amoxicillin comprised 5.3% of beta-lactam prescriptions.

^cHighest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobial.