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. 2021 Mar 11;11:5677. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83978-4

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Regions of bone captured from the endocortical surface in the adolescent (CCN13M67a), allowing to examine the degree of bone modelling and remodeling. (a–d) The femur: Secondary osteons (SO), primary osteons (PO), Haversian canals (HC), and osteocyte lacunae (OL) can be seen. (a) White arrows point to endosteal lamellar layers which are typical for this bone region. (c) White arrows point to a cement line of a secondary osteon that indicates a remodeling event of a fragmentary osteon (FO) underneath, confirming cyclical replacement of old bone with new bone tissue, possibly driven by increased metabolic bone needs. (e) White arrows point to primary lamellar bone layers and an isolated HC. (f) A SO amongst primary bone.