Table 4.
Association between CT features and EGFR and ALK status in adenocarcinoma.
| Variable | EGFR + N (%) | EGFR − N (%) | Total | P | ALK + N(%) | ALK − N(%) | Total | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumour size (mm)& | 26 ± 13 | 30 ± 17 | 28 ± 15 | < 0.001* | 26 ± 13 | 28 ± 15 | 28 ± 15 | 0.304 |
| Type | 0.035* | 0.762 | ||||||
| Central | 18 (4) | 24 (7) | 42 (5) | 2 (4) | 40 (5) | 42 (5) | ||
| Peripheral | 471 (96) | 314 (93) | 785 (95) | 55 (96) | 730 (95) | 785 (95) | ||
| Location | 0.036* | 0.006* | ||||||
| Left upper lobe | 102 (21) | 72 (21) | 174 (21) | 22 (39) | 152 (20) | 174 (21) | ||
| Left lower lobe | 81 (17) | 39 (12) | 120 (15) | 7 (12) | 113 (15) | 120 (15) | ||
| Right upper lobe | 163 (33) | 129 (38) | 292 (35) | 13 (22) | 279 (36) | 292 (35) | ||
| Right middle lobe | 30 (6) | 27 (8) | 57 (7) | 1 (2) | 58 (8) | 57 (7) | ||
| Right lower lobe | 113 (23) | 71 (21) | 184 (22) | 16 (28) | 168 (22) | 184 (22) | ||
| Texture | < 0.001*¥ | 0.009*¥ | ||||||
| Solid | 357 (73) | 302 (89) | 659 (80) | 53 (93) | 606 (79) | 659 (80) | ||
| GGO | 132 (27) | 36 (11) | 168 (20) | < 0.001*,! | 4 (7) | 164 (21) | 168 (20) | 0.034*, ! |
| pGGO | 20 (4) | 9 (3) | 29 (4) | 0.106^ | 0 (0) | 29 (2) | 29 (4) | 0.048*,^ |
| mGGO | 112 (23) | 27 (8) | 139 (16) | < 0.001*,# | 4 (7) | 132 (19) | 139 (16) | 0.024*, # |
| Shape | 0.439 | 1.000 | ||||||
| Lobulated | 408 (83) | 289 (86) | 697 (84) | 48 (84) | 649 (84) | 697 (84) | ||
| Other | 81 (17) | 49 (14) | 130 (16) | 9 (16) | 121 (16) | 130 (16) | ||
| Margin | 0.524 | 1.000 | ||||||
| Smooth | 255 (52) | 168 (50) | 423 (51) | 29 (51) | 394 (51) | 423 (51) | ||
| Spiculate | 234 (48) | 170 (50) | 404 (49) | 28 (49) | 376 (49) | 404 (49) | ||
| Margin definition | 0.022* | 0.285 | ||||||
| Well-defined | 150 (31) | 79 (23) | 229 (28) | 12 (21) | 217 (28) | 229 (28) | ||
| Poor-defined | 339 (69) | 259 (77) | 598 (72) | 45 (79) | 553 (72) | 598 (72) | ||
| Air bronchogram | 208 (43) | 62 (18) | 270 (33) | < 0.001* | 5 (9) | 265 (34) | 270 (33) | < 0.001* |
| Heterogeneity | 311 (64) | 194 (57) | 505 (61) | 0.082 | 32 (56) | 473 (61) | 505 (61) | 0.483 |
| Pleural retraction | 348 (71) | 183 (54) | 531 (64) | < 0.001* | 33 (58) | 498 (65) | 531 (64) | 0.318 |
| Pleural effusion | 21 (4) | 23 (7) | 44 (5) | 0.114 | 5 (9) | 39 (5) | 44 (5) | 0.229 |
| Pleural thickening | 34 (7) | 35 (10) | 69 (8) | 0.325 | 2 (4) | 66 (9) | 69 (8) | 0.171 |
| Calcification | 19 (4) | 20 (6) | 39 (5) | 0.175 | 2 (4) | 37 (5) | 39 (5) | 1.000 |
| Cavitation | 25 (5) | 27 (8) | 52 (6) | 0.094 | 4 (7) | 48 (6) | 52 (6) | 0.814 |
| Bubble-like lucency | 71 (15) | 41 (12) | 112 (14) | 0.353 | 6 (11) | 106 (14) | 112 (14) | 0.687 |
| Necrosis | 88 (18) | 75 (22) | 163 (20) | 0.136 | 9 (16) | 154 (20) | 163 (20) | 0.495 |
| Vascular convergence | 103 (21) | 75 (22) | 178 (22) | 0.201 | 10 (18) | 168 (22) | 178 (22) | 0.446 |
| Peripheral fibrosis | 151 (31) | 96 (28) | 247 (30) | 0.444 | 23 (40) | 224 (29) | 247 (30) | 0.073 |
| Peripheral emphysema | 78 (16) | 71 (21) | 149 (18) | 0.063 | 10 (18) | 139 (22) | 149 (18) | 0.923 |
| Enhancement | 0.850 | 0.670 | ||||||
| Mild | 95 (46) | 72 (47) | 167 (46) | 14 (58) | 153 (46) | 167 (46) | ||
| Moderate | 66 (32) | 52 (34) | 118 (33) | 6 (25) | 110 (33) | 118 (33) | ||
| Marked | 45 (22) | 30 (19) | 75 (21) | 4 (17) | 71 (21) | 75 (21) | ||
| Lymphadenopathy | 85 (17) | 92 (27) | 177 (21) | 0.001* | 14 (25) | 163 (21) | 177 (21) | 0.508 |
| Distant metastasis | 175 (36) | 131 (39) | 306 (37) | 0.384 | 37 (75) | 229 (30) | 306 (37) | < 0.001* |
* P values < 0.05 were based on comparisons between the two groups; & The maximum diameter of the lesion (in centimetres) evaluated on multiplanar reconstructions (MPRs) with a soft tissue window; ¥Comparison between solid and GGO.
^Comparison between solid and pGGO.
# Comparison between solid and mGGO.
!Comparison between pGGO and mGGO.
EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor; ALK anaplastic large-cell lymphoma kinase; EGFR+ EGFR mutation; EGFR−, EGFR wild-type mutation; ALK+ ALK positive; ALK− ALK negative.
GGO ground-glass opacity; pGGO pure ground-glass opacity; mGGO mixed ground-glass opacity.