Table 1.
Demographic and clinical data of the whole sample.
| Patients | Epilepsy etiology | Surgery | Year | Sex | Years of epilepsy | ASM number | Specific ASM | Years VNS | Type of seizures | Non Pharmacological therapies | N of seizures (3 months) | N of tonico-clonic seizures (3 months) | N of seizures pre Covid-19 | N of seizures during Covid-19 | VNS benefit | VNS N of seizures reduction | VNS % frequency reduction | VNS intesity reduction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Unknown | 58 | M | 11 | 3 | CBZ TPM PER | 12 | FS FBTC | 12 | 0 | 8 | 4 | Yes | Yes | >50% | Yes | ||
| 2 | Unknown | 46 | F | 12 | 3 | LEV CBZ PB | 8 | FS FBTC | 178 | 5 | 91 | 133 | Yes | Yes | >25% | Yes | ||
| 3 | Structural | 45 | F | 10 | 3 | ZNS CBZ PB | 7 | GTC | 87 | 0 | 34 | 44 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| 4 | Structural | 52 | M | 20 | 4 | CBZ VPA LEV PER | 22 | FS FBTC | 15 | 0 | 8 | 9 | Yes | Yes | >75% | Yes | ||
| 5 | Genetic | 25 | F | 24 | 2 | VPA CBZ | 15 | FS FBTC | Ketogenic diet | 45 | 6 | 28 | 28 | Yes | Yes | >75% | Yes | |
| 6 | Unknown | 71 | M | 36 | 2 | LEV LTG | 10 | AA GTC | 16 | 0 | 12 | 23 | No | Yes | <25% | Yes | ||
| 7 | Unknown | 44 | M | 44 | 3 | OXC ZNS PB | 8 | GTC T | 32 | 20 | 34 | 26 | Yes | Yes | >50% | No | ||
| 8 | Unknown | 51 | M | 21 | 2 | VPA BRV | 12 | GTC | 6 | 0 | 2 | 1 | Yes | Yes | <25% | Yes | ||
| 9 | Unknown | 56 | F | 12 | 3 | ZNS LAC BRV | 11 | GTC | 60 | 0 | 50 | 30 | Yes | Yes | >50% | No | ||
| 10 | Unknown | 46 | M | 18 | 4 | TPM PER CBZ LTG | 9 | FS FBTC | 181 | 0 | 50 | 70 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| 11 | Structural | 34 | M | 3 | 3 | PB RAC BRV | 11 | FS FBTC | 30 | 0 | 14 | 16 | Yes | Yes | >50% | Yes | ||
| 12 | Unknown | 51 | M | 1 | 2 | CBZ GBP | 12 | GTC | 7 | 3 | 2 | 5 | Yes | Yes | <25% | Yes | ||
| 13 | Unknown | 56 | M | 25 | 3 | OXC PER LAC | 14 | FS FBTC | 13 | 13 | 7 | 7 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| 14 | Unknown | 38 | M | 1 | 2 | CBZ PB | 15 | GTC | 275 | 90 | 155 | 147 | Yes | Yes | >50% | Yes | ||
| 15 | Anterior Temporal Lobectomy | Yes | 29 | M | 1 | 2 | OXC FBN | 15 | FS FBTC | 90 | 30 | 30 | 30 | Yes | Yes | >25% | No | |
| 16 | Unknown | 38 | M | 5 | 4 | CBZ ZNS TPM CLN | 13 | FS FBTC | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | No | No | <25% | No | ||
| 17 | Unknown | 76 | F | 24 | 1 | VPA | 14 | FS FBTC | 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 | Yes | Yes | >75% | Yes | ||
| 18 | Unknown | 41 | F | 6 | 3 | VPA FBN CBZ | 16 | GTC | 100 | 20 | 60 | 45 | Yes | Yes | <25% | Yes | ||
| 19 | Unknown | 34 | M | 8 | 3 | OXC CBZ PER | 10 | FS FBTC | 4 | 12 | 8 | 6 | Yes | Yes | >25% | Yes | ||
| 20 | Anterior Temporal Lobectomy | Yes | 27 | F | 0 | 3 | VPA CBZ PER | 4 | GTC | 120 | 0 | 40 | 60 | No | No | <25% | No | |
| 21 | Unknown | 44 | M | 44 | 3 | OXC PB ZNS | 13 | FS FBTC | 32 | 27 | 24 | 26 | No | Yes | <25% | Yes | ||
| 22 | Unknown | 23 | M | 7 | 3 | VPA CBZ PB | 3 | GTC AA | Ketogenic diet | 500 | 150 | 45 | 50 | No | No | N/A | No | |
| 23 | Unknown | 30 | M | 1 | 4 | FBN OXC TPM CLN | 5 | FS FBTC | 400 | 12 | 60 | 135 | No | No | <25% | No | ||
| 24 | Genetic | 69 | F | 29 | 3 | TPM PB SL | 29 | FS FBTC | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Yes | Yes | >90% | Yes | ||
| 25 | Unknown | 55 | F | 13 | 3 | ZNS LAC BRV | 12 | GTC | 60 | 0 | 33 | 33 | Yes | Yes | >90% | Yes | ||
| 26 | Unknown | 50 | M | 21 | 2 | VPA BRV | 11 | GTC | 10 | 23 | 1 | 1 | Yes | Yes | >25% | No | ||
| 27 | Structural | 44 | M | 5 | 4 | CBZ LTG ZNS CBZ | 22 | FS FBTC | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| 28 | Unknown | 55 | F | 4 | 3 | CLN CBZ PB | 15 | FS FBTC | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Yes | Yes | >50% | Yes | ||
| 29 | Unknown | 56 | F | 1 | 5 | TPM BRV LAC PER CBZ | 12 | FS FBTC | 48 | 0 | 20 | 7 | Yes | Yes | >25% | No | ||
| 30 | Structural | 25 | M | 6 | 3 | LEV PER CLN | 16 | GTC | Ketogenic diet | 120 | 20 | 80 | 45 | Yes | Yes | <25% | No |
GTC, Generalized tonic-clonic seizures; FS, focal seizures; FBTC, focal to bilateral tonic-clonic; AA, atypical absence; T, tonic seizures; N/A, no answer; CBZ, Carbamazepine; ESL, Eslicarbamazepine; OXC, Oxcarbamazepine; VPA, Valproic Acid; ZNS, Zonisamide; TPM, Topiramate; LEV, Levetiracetam; BRV, Brivaracetam; CLN, Clonazepam; CBZ, Clobazam; PB, Phenobarbital; LTG, Lamotrigine; LAC, Lacosamide; PER, Perampanel; FBM, Felbamate.