Table 1.

Neurological manifestations, risk factors for thiamine deficiency, and outcomes in the patients with COVID-19-associated Wernicke encephalopathy.

Case	1	2	3
Neurological manifestations	Torpor, ophthalmoparesis, tetraparesis, hyporeflexia.	Delirium, dysmetria and action tremors.	Delirium, memory disturbance, hallucinations, insomnia, ophthalmoparesis, gait ataxia, neuropathic pain
Septic shock	Yes	Yes	Yes
Use of diuretics	Yes	Yes	Yes
Acute renal injury/dialytic therapy	Yes/hemodialysis	Yes/hemodialysis	No
Length of ICU hospitalization*	33 days	27 days	15 days
Length of mechanical ventilation*	31 days	26 days	5 days
Neurological outcome after intravenous thiamine	Improvement in level of consciousness and ophthalmoparesis	Improvement in level of consciousness and ophthalmoparesis	Complete improvement of insomnia, neuropathic pain, and ataxia and partial improvement of memory.

^*Until diagnosis of Wernicke encephalopathy; ICU, Intensive Care Unit.