Table 1.
. Demographics and clinical characteristics of study population.
| All patients (n = 320) | Low IL-6/LY group (n = 207) | High IL-6/LY group (n = 113) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, (male), n (%) | 140 (43.75) | 100 (48.31) | 40 (35.40) | 0.026 |
| Age, year | 61.37 ± 0.86 | 57.87 ± 1.10 | 67.77 ± 1.15 | <0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 41 (12.81) | 16 (7.73) | 25 (22.12) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||
| CHD | 46 (14.38) | 23 (11.11) | 23 (20.35) | 0.024 |
| Hypertension | 113 (35.31) | 65 (31.40) | 48 (42.48) | 0.048 |
| Diabetes | 109 (34.06) | 53 (25.60) | 56 (49.56) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung disease | 26 (8.13) | 12 (5.80) | 14 (12.39) | 0.039 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 8 (2.5) | 6 (2.90) | 2 (1.77) | 0.537 |
| Chronic liver disease | 14 (4.38) | 7 (3.38) | 7 (6.19) | 0.240 |
| Autoimmune diseases | 8 (2.5) | 7 (3.38) | 1 (0.88) | 0.172 |
| Tumor | 19 (5.94) | 12 (5.80) | 7 (6.19) | 0.886 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 16 (5.00) | 7 (3.38) | 9 (7.96) | 0.072 |
| Gastrointestinal disease | 16 (5.00) | 12 (5.80) | 4 (3.54) | 0.376 |
| Time of illness onset, days | 10.83 ± 0.34 | 10.06 ± 0.38 | 12.22 ± 0.64 | 0.023 |
| Hospital stays, days | 14.49 ± 0.42 | 15.89 ± 0.48 | 11.93 ± 0.75 | <0.001 |
| Initial common symptoms, n (%) | ||||
| Fever | 281 (87.81) | 179 (86.47) | 102 (90.27) | 0.322 |
| Dyspnea | 189 (59.06) | 107 (51.69) | 82 (72.57) | <0.001 |
| Stomachache | 31 (9.69) | 22 (10.63) | 9 (7.96) | 0.441 |
| Diarrhea | 100 (31.25) | 66 (31.88) | 34 (30.09) | 0.740 |
| Chest distress | 80 (25.00) | 45 (21.74) | 35 (30.97) | 0.068 |
| Chest pain | 24 (7.5) | 13 (6.28) | 11 (9.73) | 0.262 |
| Palpitation | 32 (10.00) | 17 (8.21) | 15 (13.27) | 0.149 |
| Dizziness | 32 (10.00) | 22 (10.63) | 10 (8.85) | 0.612 |
| Headache | 60 (18.75) | 36 (17.39) | 24 (21.24) | 0.399 |
| Temperature, ℃ | ||||
| High fever (39.1–41.0) | 9 (2.81) | 3 (1.45) | 6 (5.31) | 0.046 |
| Moderate fever (38.1–39.0) | 68 (21.25) | 31 (14.98) | 37 (32.74) | <0.001 |
| Mild fever (37.3–38.0) | 68 (21.25) | 40 (19.32) | 28 (24.78) | 0.254 |
| Pharmacotherapy in hospital, n (%) | ||||
| Antibiotic therapy | 295 (92.19) | 186 (89.86) | 109 (96.46) | 0.035 |
| Antiviral therapy | 213 (66.56) | 146 (70.53) | 67 (59.29) | 0.042 |
| GCS | 219 (68.44) | 126 (60.87) | 93 (82.30) | <0.001 |
| Oxygen therapy in hospital, n (%) | ||||
| NMV | 153 (47.81) | 68 (32.85) | 85 (75.22) | <0.001 |
| IMV | 85 (26.56) | 26 (12.56) | 59 (52.21) | <0.001 |
| Other treatment in hospital, n (%) | ||||
| CRRT | 19 (5.94) | 4 (1.93) | 15 (13.27) | <0.001 |
| ECMO | 5 (1.56) | 1 (0.48) | 4 (3.54) | 0.035 |
| Complications, n (%) | ||||
| Death | 145 (45.31) | 55 (26.57) | 90 (79.65) | <0.001 |
| MODS | 137 (42.81) | 51 (24.64) | 86 (76.11) | <0.001 |
| ARDS | 114 (35.63) | 44 (21.26) | 70 (61.95) | <0.001 |
| DIC | 75 (23.44) | 19 (9.18) | 56 (49.56) | <0.001 |
| Secondary infection | 42 (13.13) | 14 (6.76) | 28 (24.78) | <0.001 |
| MACE | 80 (25.00) | 29 (14.01) | 51 (45.13) | <0.001 |
| AKI | 53 (16.56) | 11 (5.31) | 42 (37.17) | <0.001 |
| Spesis shock | 52 (16.25) | 20 (9.66) | 32 (28.32) | <0.001 |
| Myelosuppression | 79 (24.69) | 24 (11.59) | 55 (48.67) | <0.001 |
| GIB | 14 (4.38) | 2 (0.97) | 12 (10.62) | <0.001 |
| Liver function impairment | 80 (25.00) | 35 (16.91) | 45 (39.82) | <0.001 |