Table 4.
Age disparate sexual relationships and behavioural characteristics of study participants by sex
| Variables | Males | Females | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Within 5 years | Younger than 5 years | Older than 5 years | n | Within 5 years | Younger than 5 years | Older than 5 years | p-value | ||||||||
| % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | p-value | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | ||||
| Age at sexual debut | ||||||||||||||||
| Younger than 15 | 588 | 72.0 | 66.0–77.4 | 26.2 | 20.9–32.4 | 1.7 | 1.0–3.0 | 0.001 | 272 | 52.1 | 44.5–59.6 | 4.4 | 1.9–9.9 | 43.5 | 36.1–51.1 | 0.164 |
| 15 and older | 6143 | 61.0 | 58.7–63.3 | 35.5 | 33.2–37.8 | 3.5 | 2.7–4.4 | 7621 | 58.9 | 57.1–60.6 | 2.6 | 2.0–3.3 | 38.6 | 36.8–40.4 | ||
| Sexual partners in the last 12 months | ||||||||||||||||
| One partner | 1134 | 62.9 | 58.6–66.9 | 33.9 | 29.6–38.4 | 3.3 | 2.0–5.3 | 0.864 | 319 | 62.0 | 53.4–69.9 | 2.9 | 1.1–7.5 | 35.0 | 27.5–43.4 | 0.639 |
| Two or more partners | 6170 | 61.6 | 59.4–63.7 | 35.1 | 32.9–37.2 | 3.4 | 2.6–4.3 | 7951 | 58.3 | 56.5–60.1 | 2.6 | 2.1–3.3 | 39.0 | 37.2–40.8 | ||
| Condom use last sex act | ||||||||||||||||
| No | 4776 | 60.8 | 58.3–63.4 | 35.2 | 32.7–37.8 | 3.9 | 3.1–5.0 | 0.136 | 5874 | 57.4 | 55.0–59.8 | 3.0 | 2.3–4.0 | 39.6 | 37.2–41.9 | 0.077 |
| Yes | 2402 | 63.3 | 59.9–66.5 | 34.3 | 31.0–37.7 | 2.4 | 1.5–3.9 | 2285 | 60.1 | 57.5–62.7 | 1.9 | 1.3–2.8 | 37.9 | 35.3–40.6 | ||
| Alcohol use risk scorea | ||||||||||||||||
| Abstainers | 3250 | 59.1 | 56.4–61.7 | 37.4 | 34.8–40.0 | 3.5 | 2.5–5.0 | 0.034 | 5996 | 57.1 | 55.0–59.1 | 2.3 | 1.7–3.1 | 40.6 | 38.5–42.8 | < 0.001 |
| Low risk drinkers (1–7) | 2585 | 64.8 | 61.8–67.7 | 32.1 | 29.2–35.2 | 3.0 | 2.2–4.2 | 1279 | 65.3 | 61.0–69.3 | 4.3 | 3.0–6.1 | 30.4 | 26.7–34.5 | ||
| High risk drinkers (8–19) | 616 | 59.1 | 52.7–65.2 | 36.0 | 30.2–42.3 | 4.9 | 2.7–8.8 | 152 | 57.4 | 42.1–71.4 | 2.9 | 0.9–9.0 | 39.7 | 26.3–54.8 | ||
| Hazardous drinkers (20+) | 36 | 42.5 | 23.2–64.5 | 45.1 | 24.7–67.2 | 12.5 | 2.1–48.0 | 6 | 66.8 | 23.6–92.9 | 9.2 | 1.1–47.6 | 23.9 | 3.4–73.9 | ||
| Self-perceived risk of HIV infection | ||||||||||||||||
| No | 1479 | 57.0 | 52.8–61.1 | 38.6 | 34.8–42.6 | 4.4 | 2.8–6.8 | 0.015 | 2199 | 52.9 | 49.8–56.0 | 3.3 | 2.3–4.7 | 43.8 | 40.6–47.0 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 5833 | 63.6 | 61.4–65.8 | 33.4 | 31.3–35.6 | 3.0 | 2.3–3.8 | 6049 | 61.4 | 59.2–63.4 | 2.4 | 1.9–3.0 | 36.3 | 34.3–38.3 | ||
| Awareness of HIV status? | ||||||||||||||||
| No | 4246 | 63.6 | 61.1–66.1 | 33.2 | 30.9–35.7 | 3.2 | 2.4–4.1 | 0.156 | 3952 | 60.0 | 57.3–62.5 | 2.1 | 1.6–2.8 | 37.9 | 35.3–40.6 | 0.099 |
| Yes | 3011 | 59.6 | 56.4–62.8 | 36.7 | 33.6–39.9 | 3.7 | 2.5–5.3 | 4239 | 57.5 | 55.3–59.7 | 3.1 | 2.3–4.2 | 39.4 | 37.2–41.6 | ||
| HIV status | ||||||||||||||||
| Negative | 4919 | 62.7 | 60.3–65.0 | 33.9 | 31.6–36.2 | 3.4 | 2.6–4.5 | 0.005 | 5392 | 59.4 | 56.8–61.9 | 2.4 | 1.9–3.0 | 38.3 | 35.9–40.7 | < 0.001 |
| Positive | 618 | 53.0 | 47.0–58.8 | 42.9 | 37.3–48.7 | 4.1 | 2.4–7.0 | 1209 | 51.5 | 48.0–55.0 | 4.1 | 2.5–6.6 | 44.4 | 40.4–48.4 | ||
aAlcohol risk score based on a questionnaire for Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)