Table 3.
Association of socio-economic factors with sagittal abdominal diameter (cm) in women and men
| Characteristics | Overall | Women | Men | p-value for sex difference | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | 95% CL | p-value | Estimate | 95% CL | p-value | Estimate | 95% CL | p-value | ||
| Age (years, vs. < 30) | ||||||||||
| 30–39 | 0.8 (.07) | 0.7, 0.9 | <.0001 | 0.7 (.10) | 0.5, 0.9 | <.0001 | 1.0 (.09) | 0.8, 1.2 | <.0001 | .0028 |
| 40–49 | 1.3 (.07) | 1.1, 1.4 | <.0001 | 1.1 (.10) | 0.9, 1.3 | <.0001 | 1.4 (.10) | 1.2, 1.6 | <.0001 | .0018 |
| 50–59 | 1.8 (.07) | 1.6, 1.9 | <.0001 | 1.6 (.10) | 1.4, 1.8 | <.0001 | 1.9 (.10) | 1.7, 2.1 | <.0001 | .0106 |
| 60 or more | 2.1 (.06) | 1.9, 2.2 | <.0001 | 1.8 (.09) | 1.6, 1.9 | <.0001 | 2.3 (.08) | 2.2, 2.5 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Women | −1.3 (.04) | −1.4, −1.2 | <.0001 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Race/Ethnicity (vs. Non-Hispanic white) | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | −0.2 (.07) | −0.3, −0.1 | .0037 | −0.0 (.09) | −0.2, 0.1 | .66 | −0.3 (.09) | −0.5, − 0.2 | .0003 | .0101 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | − 0.2 (.09) | − 0.4, − 0.1 | .006 | − 0.1 (.13) | − 0.4, 0.1 | .26 | − 0.3 (.12) | − 0.6, − 0.1 | .0063 | .60 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 0.3 (.06) | 0.2, 0.4 | <.0001 | 0.5 (.08) | 0.4, 0.7 | <.0001 | 0.0 (.08) | −0.1, 0.2 | .63 | <.0001 |
| Other Race | 0.1 (.12) | −0.1, 0.3 | .30 | 0.3 (.18) | −0.1, 0.7 | .11 | −0.0 (.16) | −0.3, 0.3 | .99 | .14 |
| Education (vs. College or above) | ||||||||||
| Less than 12th grade | −0.0 (.06) | −0.2, 0.1 | .54 | 0.0 (.09) | −0.1, 0.2 | .71 | −0.1 (.08) | −0.2, 0.1 | .40 | .025 |
| High school or equivalent | 0.0 (.05) | −0.1, 0.1 | .76 | 0.1 (.08) | −0.1, 0.2 | .26 | −0.0 (.07) | −0.2, 0.1 | .61 | .0224 |
| Birth place (vs. in the US) | ||||||||||
| In other countries | −0.6 (.06) | −0.7, − 0.5 | <.0001 | −0.7 (.09) | − 0.9, − 0.5 | <.0001 | −0.5 (.09) | − 0.7, − 0.4 | <.0001 | .35 |
| Household income (vs. $75,000 or above) | ||||||||||
| Under $20,000 | 0.5 (.06) | 0.4, 0.7 | <.0001 | 0.8 (.09) | 0.6, 1.0 | <.0001 | 0.3 (.09) | 0.1, 0.5 | .0006 | .0021 |
| $20,000–$44,999 | 0.5 (.06) | 0.4, 0.6 | <.0001 | 0.6 (.08) | 0.5, 0.8 | <.0001 | 0.4 (.08) | 0.2, 0.5 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| $45,000- $74,999 | 0.3 (.06) | 0.1, 0.4 | <.0001 | 0.2 (.09) | 0.1, 0.4 | .0071 | 0.3 (.09) | 0.1, 0.5 | .0009 | .002 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2, vs. < 25) | ||||||||||
| 25 to 29 | 3.3 (.05) | 3.2, 3.4 | <.0001 | 3.3 (.08) | 3.1, 3.4 | <.0001 | 3.3 (.07) | 3.2, 3.5 | <.0001 | .38 |
| 30 or more | 8.3 (.05) | 8.2, 8.4 | <.0001 | 8.2 (.07) | 8.0, 8.3 | <.0001 | 8.4 (.08) | 8.2, 8.6 | <.0001 | .07 |
Note: The numbers in the parentheses are estimated standard errors