Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Characteristics of Patients Treated With Cefazolin Compared With Nafcillin/Oxacillin (n = 79)
| Characteristic | Cefazolin (n = 45) | Nafcillin or Oxacillin (n = 34) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 64.5 [55–73.2] | 59.6 [47.2–64] | .0681 |
| Male | 26 (57.7) | 19 (55.9) | 1.0 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.7 [23.4–33.8] | 30.6 [24.9–35.7] | .4228 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 3 [2–4] | 2[1–4] | .0600 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Corticosteroids | 3 (7) | 2 (5.9) | |
| Hypertension | 22 (49) | 15 (44.1) | |
| Intravenous drug use | 1 (2) | 0 | |
| Myocardial infarction | 3 (7) | 2 (5.9) | |
| Congestive heart failure | 3 (7) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2 (4) | 3 (8.8) | |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 2 (4) | 0 | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (11) | 0 | |
| Connective tissue disease | 1 (2) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 3 (7) | 5 (14.7) | |
| Liver disease | 0 | 1 (2.9) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (18) | 9 (26.5) | |
| Moderate to severe chronic kidney diseaseª | 0 | 0 | |
| Malignancy | 8 (18) | 3 (8.8) | |
| Community-onset infection | 27 (60) | 19 (55.9) | .82 |
| ICU admission | 5 (11) | 10 (29.4) | .048 |
| Duration of symptoms >7 d | 34 (76) | 27 (79.4) | .79 |
| History of spinal/epidural procedure or instrumentation | 21 (47) | 15 (44.1) | 1 |
| Time from procedure to positive epidural culture, d | 34 [23–160] | 28 [13–101] | .2952 |
| Concurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia | 31 (69) | 24 (70.6) | 1 |
| Duration of BSI, d | 3 [2–5] | 4.5 [2–8] | .099 |
| Infective endocarditis | 0 | 2 (5.9) | .18 |
| Surgical procedure | |||
| Aspiration or IR guided | 13 (29) | 5 (14.7) | .18 |
| Surgical debridement | 32 (71) | 28 (82.4) | .30 |
| Single level | 15 (33) | 8 (23.5) | .45 |
| Multilevel | 30 (67) | 26 (76.5) | .45 |
| Clindamycin susceptible | 37 (82) | 31 (91.2) | .33 |
| Oxacillin MIC <1 | 44 (97.7) | 20 (58.8) | 0 |
| Vancomycin MIC <2 | 39 (87) | 24 (70.6) | .095 |
| Inpatient IV antimicrobial duration, d | 9 [5.5–15.5] | 12.5 [5.75–25] | .0723 |
| Outpatient IV antimicrobial duration, d | 38 [30–47] | 37 [25–51] | .7814 |
| Total antibiotic duration, d | 55.5 [42.2–96] | 67.5 [45–93.75] | .44 |
Data are presented as median [interquartile range] or No. (%).
Abbreviations: BSI, bloodstream infection; ICU, intensive care unit; IR, interventional radiology; IV, intravenous; MIC, minimal inhibitory concentration.
ªModerate = creatinine >3 mg/dL (0.27 mmol/L). Severe = on dialysis, status post–kidney transplant, uremia.