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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Pharm Res. 2020 Oct 15;37(11):221. doi: 10.1007/s11095-020-02941-6

Fig. 3. Adipose and tumor tissue have both been demonstrated to secrete exosomes that affect each other mutually, as well as other tissue and cell types.

Fig. 3

(a) Tumor cells exposed to AT-Exos display increased proliferation and a more aggressive phenotype (possibly through delivery of fatty acid oxidation enzymes). Tumor angiogenesis, a vital factor for tumor growth, is theorized to be enhanced by ADSC that affects endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment (via miR-21). (b) Resident cells of adipose tissue treated with cancer cell-derived exosomes display significant changes in behavior. Adipocytes undergo increased lipolysis (via delivery of adrenomedullin), display increased beiging (activation of PRDM16). This adipose-tumor crosstalk via exosomes may be important for regulating cancer disease progression and associated fat-mass loss during cachexia. Created with BioRender.com.