Table 3.
Qualitative detection of antimicrobials residues in foods of animal origin using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC).
| Sample category | Sample | Ciprofloxacin (N, p, %, 95%CI) |
Enrofloxacin (N, p, %, 95%CI) |
Tetracycline (N, p, %, 95%CI) |
Amoxicillin (N, p, %, 95%CI) |
Doxycycline (N, p, %, 95%CI) |
Oxytetracycline (N, p, %, 95%CI) |
Colistin (N, p, %, 95%CI) |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Layer chickens | Thigh | 65, 20, 30.77, 19.91–43.44 | 65, 15, 23.08, 13.53–35.19 | 65, 12, 18.46, 09.92–30.03 | 65, 17, 26.15, 16.03–38.54 | (Chowdhury et al., 2015; Islam et al., 2016; Sattar et al., 2014) | |||
| Breast | 65, 19, 29.23, 18.60–41.82 | 65, 12, 18.46, 09.91–30.03 | 65, 16, 24.62, 14.77–36.87 | 65, 14, 21.54, 12.31–33.49 | |||||
| Liver | 65, 30, 46.15, 33.70–58.96 | 65, 27, 41.54, 29.44–54.44 | 65, 32, 49.23, 36.60–61.93 | 65, 31, 47.69, 11.10–31.77 | |||||
| Kidney | 65, 25, 38.46, 26.65–51.36 | 65, 24, 36.92, 25.28–49.80 | 65, 15, 23.07, 13.53–35.19 | 65, 25, 38.46, 26.53–51.36 | |||||
| Eggs | 150, 60, 40.00, 32.09–48.31 | 50, 13, 26.00, 14.63–40.34 | 150, 43, 28.67, 21.59–36.61 | 150, 29, 19.33, 13.35–26.57 | |||||
| Broiler chickens | Thigh | 195, 81, 41.54, 34.54–48.79 | 195, 47, 24.10, 18.28–30.73 | 35, 8, 22.86, 10.42–40.13 | 195, 52, 26.67, 20.60–33.45 | 160, 45, 28.13, 21.31–35.77 | 160, 47, 29.38, 22.45–37.08 | (Bristy et al., 2019; Chowdhury et al., 2015; Ferdous et al., 2019; Khan et al., 2018; Sarker et al., 2018; Sattar et al., 2014) | |
| Breast | 195, 74, 37.95, 31.11–45.15 | 195, 40, 20.51, 15.08–26.87 | 35, 9, 25.71, 12.49–43.26 | 195, 47, 24.10, 18.28–30.73 | 150, 41, 25.63, 20.38–35.20 | 160, 36, 22.50, 16.28–29.76 | |||
| Liver | 225, 107, 47.56, 40.88–54.30 | 225, 84, 37.33, 30.99–44.01 | 65, 23, 35.38, 23.92–48.23 | 195, 81, 41.54, 34.54–48.79 | 160, 69, 43.13, 35.33–51.18 | 160, 74, 46.25, 38.35–54.29 | |||
| Kidney | 35, 17, 48.57, 31.38–66.01 | 35, 11, 31.43, 16.85–49.29 | 35, 9, 25.71, 12.49–43.26 | 35, 25, 71.43, 53.69–85.36 | |||||
| Meat | 148, 129, 87.16, 80.68–92.09 | 108, 60, 55.55, 45.68–65.12 | |||||||
| Indigenous chicken | Meat | 34, 30, 88.24, 72.55–96.70 | (Chowdhury et al., 2015; Ferdous et al., 2019) | ||||||
| Egg | 100, 9, 09.00, 04.20–16.40 | 100, 7, 07.00, 02.86–13.89 | 100, 5, 05.00, 01.64–11.28 | ||||||
| Livestock | Milk | 200, 22, 11.00, 07.02–16.18 | 200, 33, 16.50, 11.64–22.38 | 200, 48, 24.00, 18.26–30.53 | Chowdhury et al. (2015) | ||||
| Fish | Climbing perch | 24, 16, 66.67, 44.67–84.37 | 24, 2, 08.33, 01.02–27.00 | Ferdous et al. (2019) | |||||
| Rui fish | 33, 21, 63.63, 45.12–79.60 | 33, 10, 30.30, 15.59–48.71 | |||||||
| Tilapia | 33, 18, 54.54, 36.35–71.89 | 33, 1, 03.03, 00.07–15.76 | |||||||
| Bombay duck | 33, 4, 12.12, 03.40–28.20 | 33, 0, | |||||||
| Shrimp | 30, 15, 50.00, 31.30–68.70 | 30, 10, 33.33, 17.29–52.82 |