Table 2.

Overview of Medical Causes of Respiratory Distress

Disease	Typical association	Time course	Lung volume	Characteristic feature
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)	Preterm	<6 hours	↓	Ground glass opacities/ fine granular infiltrates.
Transient tachypnoea of newborn (TTN)	Term, Cesarean section	24-48 hours	↑	Coarse interstitial markings, interstitial edema.
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)	Term, Post term	12-24hoursh	↑	Coarse, nodular, asymmetric infiltrates, atelectasis.
Neonatal pneumonia	Premature rupture of membranes	<6 hours	↑	Perihilar streaking, consolidation, pleural effusion