Table 1.

Means and SDs and z‑scores of MBI subscales EE, CY and redPE by survey

	Norm sample (N = 868)		Survey 1 (N = 115)			Survey 2 (N = 87)			Survey 3 (N = 66)
	Meana	SDa	Mean	SD	Z‑score	Mean	SD	Z‑score	Mean	SD	Z‑score
EE	3.48	1.101	3.97***	0.898	0.45	4.55***	0.871	0.97	4.25***	1.023	0.70
CY	2.84	1.161	2.51***,b	0.915	−0.28	3.11**	1.257	0.23	2.88	1.210	0.03
redPE	1.97	0.628	2.10*	0.634	0.21	2.46***	0.723	0.78	2.36***	0.705	0.62

MBI Maslach Burnout Inventory, EE emotional exhaustion, CY Cynicism, redPE reduced personal accomplishment, SD standard deviation

^*Weakly significant with 0.05 < p ≤ 0.10, ^**significant with 0.01 < p ≤ 0.05, ^***highly significant with p ≤ 0.01

^aValues taken from Unterholzer 2008 [20, p. 126]

^bSignificantly below the norm-mean