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. 2021 Mar 12;12:1666. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21793-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — The spatial polarization profiles of ten vector beams comprised of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams in the circular polarization basis with opposite OAM charges along with 0 or π relative phase difference. The color indicates the polarization orientation while the color saturation indicates the beam intensity. The black lines indicate the local polarization state across the beams.