Figure 1.

Spectral tuning of the larval zebrafish brain in the context of natural scenes.

(A) Left, larval zebrafish expressing GCaMP6f in neuronal somata were imaged on a custom volumetric mesoscale two-photon system with three-dimensional multi-plane-bending to follow the brain’s natural curvature (described in reference⁶). Visual stimulation was by three second flashes of widefield light in 13 spectral bands (described in reference¹⁰). An example brain-wide quasi-simultaneously acquired tri-plane scan average (right, top) is shown alongside a projection of pixel-wise activity-correlation (right, bottom; dark indicates higher correlation). See also Figure S1. (B) x–y superposition of all On- and Off-responsive ROIs (top and bottom, respectively) across n = 90 planes from n = 13 fish to flashes of light at the indicated wavelengths. (C) Mean On- and Off-tuning functions based on (B), with crosses showing the median, and violin plots summarising the spread in the data at each wavelength (top, middle), and both tuning functions superimposed on the mean±SD availability of light in the zebrafish natural habitat (data from reference⁸). (D–G) Selected natural visual scenes from reference⁸, in each case showing an indicative photograph of the scene, followed by the full hyperspectral image as seen through the On-, Off- and On-Off-contrast filters (D,F) and associated full spectra (E,G), as indicated. The bottom panels of D are identical to the top with the addition of artificially ‘injected’ local spectral distortions as indicated in E to mimic, from left to right, a ‘UV-’, ‘green-’, and ‘red-object’. Grey scalebars are 0–0.6 (black to white) for On- and Off-reconstructions, and 0–0.02 for contrast-reconstructions.