Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Patients With SMI |
Controls Without Mental Illness |
P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 10 028 | 336 524 | NA |
| Age at ECG recording, y | 54 [42–66] | 56 [41–69] | <0.001 |
| Male | 4464 (44.5) | 161 282 (47.9) | <0.001 |
| Subtype of SMI diagnosis | NA | NA | |
| Schizophrenia | 4477 (44.6) | ||
| Bipolar disorder | 2571 (25.6) | ||
| Severe depression | 2980 (29.7) | ||
| SMI duration, y | 8 [3–13] | NA | NA |
| Heart failure | 421 (4.2) | 10 433 (3.1) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 888 (8.9) | 29 232 (8.7) | 0.567 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 424 (4.2) | 14 903 (4.4) | 0.349 |
| Valvular heart disease | 123 (1.2) | 3690 (1.1) | 0.237 |
| Hypertension | 1479 (14.7) | 50 432 (15.0) | 0.521 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1686 (16.8) | 49 201 (14.6) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1222 (12.2) | 26 732 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1351 (13.5) | 29 093 (8.6) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 311 (3.1) | 6328 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| ACEIs/ARBs | 1401 (14.0) | 64 743 (19.2) | <0.001 |
| Beta‐blockers | 765 (7.6) | 32 384 (9.6) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics | 1467 (14.6) | 45 533 (13.5) | 0.002 |
| QT‐prolonging medications | 6819 (68.0) | 44 377 (13.2) | <0.001 |
Data are reported as median (25th–75th percentiles) or n (%). P values based on Mann‐Whitney U and χ2 tests, as appropriate. ACEI indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; NA, not applicable; and SMI, severe mental illness.