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. 2021 Jan 30;10(4):e017437. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.017437

Figure 1. Analysis of hemodynamic parameters using 2‐way ANOVA.

Figure 1

Higher baseline heart rate in the high fat diet (HFD) (D) is offset by greater preload‐independent contractile performance, ie, end‐systolic pressure volume relationship (ESPVR) (B). Extracellular vesicle (EV) therapy augmented (A) cardiac output, (B) ESPVR, and (C) stroke volume. The EV‐treated myocardium showed enhanced ventricular relaxation, seen as a rise in (E) derivative pressure over time (dp/dt min) and improved diastolic performance denoted by increased (F) left ventricular diastolic time constant (Tau) in both the normal diet (ND) and HFD groups.