Table 2.

Predictors Used for Each CA‐AKI Prediction Model

Full Model	Pragmatic Full Model	Pragmatic Minimum Model
Contrast volume	Contrast volume	Contrast volume
Age	Age	Age
Sex	Sex	Sex
BMI	BMI	BMI
IABP before procedure	IABP before procedure	IABP before procedure
CrCl	CrCl	CrCl
Preprocedure hemoglobin	Preprocedure hemoglobin	Preprocedure hemoglobin
History of diabetes mellitus	History of diabetes mellitus
History of hypertension	History of hypertension
History of HF	History of HF
Preprocedure cardiogenic shock	Preprocedure cardiogenic shock
HF symptoms in past 2 weeks
History of MI
History of PCI
History of CABG
History of CVD
History of PAD
History of chronic lung disease
CAD presentation (UA, NSTEMI, STEMI)
Cardiac arrest in past 24 hours

We constructed 3 specific models for predicting CA‐AKI: full, pragmatic full, and pragmatic minimum models. The full model included all predictors used in a widely cited National Cardiovascular Data Registry–based CA‐AKI risk prediction model. ¹⁷ The pragmatic full model included only those predictors from the full model that would be easily extracted from an EHR, but would potentially require further interpretation of the EHR data. The pragmatic minimum model included only those predictors from the full model that would be guaranteed to be derivable from an EHR without significant interpretation of the EHR data. Contrast volume was additionally included in all 3 models, as it was the variable of interest. BMI indicates body mass index; CA‐AKI, contrast‐associated acute kidney injury; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting, CVD, cerebrovascular disease; CrCl, creatinine clearance; CAD, coronary artery disease; EHR, electronic health record; HF, heart failure; IABP, intra‐aortic balloon pump; MI, myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention, PAD, peripheral artery disease; STEMI, ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction; and UA, unstable angina.