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. 2021 Mar 13;28(34):46247–46265. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13416-5

Table 19.

Wanhua structural coefficients

Path B SE t p β
Direct effect
Perception ➔ place attachment − 0.023 0.026 − 0.859 .390 − .132
Attitude ➔ place attachment 0.006 0.015 0.412 .681 .047
Perception ➔ coping behavior 0.281 0.091 3.097** .002 .422
Attitude ➔ coping behavior place attachment ➔ coping behavior 0.094 0.053 1.778 .075 .187
0.940 0.764 1.231 .218 .241
Indirect effect
Perception ➔ place attachment ➔ coping behavior − 0.021 0.030 − 0.705 .481 − .032
Attitude ➔ place attachment ➔ coping behavior .006 0.015 0.390 .696 .011

B, unstandardized coefficient; SE, standard error; β, standardization factor

*p < .05

**p < .01

***p < .001