Table 1.
Previous works on bioprinting using GelMA hydrogel
| Printing method | Materials | Cell type | Target tissue | Mechanical properties | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting | GelMA |
HUVECs hMSCs |
Bone |
5.5–7.5 kPa (Compressive modulus) |
[24] |
| Co-extrusion 3D bioprinting |
GelMA Alginate |
HUVECs hi-PSCs Cardiomyocytes |
Heart |
4.3–26.5 kPa (Elastic modulus) |
[25] |
| Extrusion-based 3-D bioprinting |
PCL GelMA USPIO nanoparticle |
BMSCs | Bile duct |
17.41 kPa (Compressive modulus) 5.03 kPa (Young’s modulus) |
[26] |
| Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting |
GelMA nanosilicates |
NIH MC3T3-E1 | Bone | 4.7–12.9 kPa | [27] |
| Stereolithographic 3D printing |
PEGDA GelMA |
Mouse NSCs | Neural tissue |
340–560 kPa (Compressive modulus) |
[28] |
| Two-step crosslinking strategy printing |
GelMA Gelatin |
BMSCs | Bone |
4.44–5.26 kPa at 25°C 3.04–4.74 kPa at 37°C (Young’s modulus) |
[29] |
| Inkjet printing |
PEG GelMA |
hMSCs | Bone cartilage |
35–78 kPa (Compressive modulus) |
[30] |
| Modified extrusion 3D bioprinting | GPGs | HUVECs | Soft tissue |
1.8–7.0 kPa (Young’s modulus) |
[31] |
BMSCs: bone marrow stem cells; GelMA: gelatin methacrylate; GPGs: gelatin methacrylate physical gels; HDFs: human dermal fibroblasts; hi-PSCs: cardiomyocytes-induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes; hMSCs: bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells; HUVECs: human umbilical vein endothelial cells; NSCs: neural stem cells; PCL: polycaprolactone; PEG: polyethylene glycol; PEGDA: polyethylene glycol diacrylate.