Table 4.
Baseline Characteristics of the Patients According to the Subcategorized Groups of HT in Non-Diabetic Population and Diabetic Population
| Variables | Non-Diabetic Population (n=375) | Diabetic Population (n=195) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-HT (n=176) | HI (n=101) | PH (n=85) | P-value | Non-HT (n=107) | HI (n=42) | PH (n=38) | P-value | |
| Demographic parameters | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 72.0 (17.0) | 73.0 (20.0) | 73.0 (19.0) | 0.713 | 68.0 (19.0) | 70.0 (11.0) | 66.5 (18.0) | 0.901 |
| Male, n (%) | 122 (69.3%) | 70 (69.3%) | 62 (72.9%) | 0.815 | 69 (64.5%) | 28 (66.7%) | 22 (57.9%) | 0.683 |
| BMI (kg/m 2) | 23.0 (5.0) | 22.1 (3.1) | 20.2 (4.8) | 0.180 | 23.0 (3.1) | 24.7 (4.6) | 24.6 (1.1) | 0.050 |
| Vascular risk factors | ||||||||
| History of stroke, n (%) | 17 (9.7%) | 14 (13.9%) | 9 (10.6%) | 0.555 | 14 (13.1%) | 10 (23.8%) | 5 (13.2%) | 0.241 |
| History of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 23 (13.2%) | 32 (31.7%) | 34 (40.0%) | 0.000* | 6 (5.7%) | 14 (33.3%) | 24 (63.2%) | 0.000* |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 116 (65.9%) | 61 (60.4%) | 44 (51.8%) | 0.089 | 81 (75.7%) | 36 (85.7%) | 27 (71.1%) | 0.264 |
| History of dyslipidemia, n (%) | 6 (3.4%) | 8 (7.9%) | 4 (4.7%) | 0.452 | 11 (10.3%) | 6 (14.3%) | 1 (2.7%) | 0.208 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 55 (31.3%) | 31 (30.7%) | 31 (36.9%) | 0.601 | 31 (29.0%) | 15 (37.5%) | 7 (18.9%) | 0.198 |
| Current drinking, n (%) | 43 (24.6%) | 32 (31.7%) | 22 (26.2%) | 0.432 | 28 (26.2%) | 12 (30.0%) | 12 (32.4%) | 0.738 |
| Biochemistry and vital signs on admission | ||||||||
| Baseline SBP (mmHg) | 157.0 (27.0) | 148.0 (28.0) | 144.0 (33.0) | 0.000* | 157.5 (29.0) | 159.5 (31.0) | 149.0 (29.0) | 0.019 |
| Baseline DBP (mmHg) | 80.0 (19.0) | 84.0 (17.0) | 82.0 (18.0) | 0.765 | 81.5 (18.0) | 81.0 (14.0) | 80.0 (18.0) | 0.958 |
| White cells counts (×109/L) | 6.4 (1.9) | 7.4 (4.2) | 8.5 (3.1) | 0.000* | 6.8 (2.5) | 7.5 (3.2) | 9.2 (4.4) | 0.000* |
| Platelets (×109/L) | 204.0 (61.0) | 189.0 (70.0) | 180.0 (93.5) | 0.018 | 209.0 (71.0) | 215.5 (80.5) | 174.0 (93.3) | 0.009 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.3 (1.2) | 3.8 (1.7) | 3.9 (1.9) | 0.000* | 3.4 (1.2) | 3.9 (1.1) | 3.7 (2.3) | 0.012 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 75.0 (22.0) | 66.0 (22.5) | 71.0 (21.3) | 0.007 | 68.0 (26.0) | 64.0 (24.0) | 67.5 (26.8) | 0.404 |
| Glucose levels (mmol/L) | 4.8 (1.0) | 5.3 (1.4) | 5.2 (1.6) | 0.000* | 7.1 (2.5) | 8.2 (4.9) | 9.2 (4.9) | 0.002 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.7 (0.5) | 5.6 (0.6) | 5.6 (0.6) | 0.642 | 7.7 (2.0) | 7.6 (2.0) | 6.8 (2.2) | 0.107 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.5 (1.8) | 4.1 (1.6) | 4.5 (1.2) | 0.000* | 2.0 (2.2) | 4.6 (1.8) | 4.5 (1.7) | 0.000* |
| SHR | 0.86 (0.14) | 0.92 (0.25) | 0.90 (0.26) | 0.000* | 0.91 (0.29) | 0.95 (0.44) | 1.17 (0.73) | 0.000* |
| NIHSS on admission, median (IQR) | 3.0 (4.0) | 9.0 (8.0) | 11.0 (7.0) | 0.000* | 3.0 (4.0) | 4.0 (6.0) | 10.0 (11.0) | 0.000* |
| Stroke mechanisms | 0.000* | 0.000* | ||||||
| Atherosclerotic, n (%) | 126 (82.4%) | 71 (74.0%) | 48 (57.1%) | 86 (88.7%) | 36 (87.8%) | 16 (42.1%) | ||
| Cardioembolic, n (%) | 15 (9.8%) | 24 (25.0%) | 34 (40.5%) | 5 (5.2%) | 4 (9.8%) | 22 (57.9%) | ||
| Lacunar, n (%) | 3 (2.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Other causes, n (%) | 9 (5.9%) | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (2.4%) | 6 (6.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Initial treatment in hospital | ||||||||
| Antiplatelets, n (%) | 155 (89.6%) | 56 (55.4%) | 51 (60.0%) | 0.000* | 100 (94.3%) | 25 (59.5%) | 16 (42.1%) | 0.000* |
| Anticoagulants, n (%) | 19 (10.9%) | 31 (30.7%) | 31 (36.5%) | 0.000* | 9 (8.5%) | 7 (16.7%) | 14 (36.8%) | 0.000* |
| Lipid-lowering agents, n (%) | 165 (95.4%) | 85 (85.9%) | 75 (88.2%) | 0.018 | 94 (94.9%) | 40 (95.2%) | 28 (75.7%) | 0.003 |
Note: *P < 0.001.
Abbreviations: HT, hemorrhagic transformation; HI, hemorrhagic infarct; PH, parenchymal hematoma; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SHR, stress hyperglycemia ratio.