Figure 5.

Gas‐exchange and fluorescence analysis of wild‐type (WT) O. sativa and three transgenic lines expressing enzymes of the C₄ metabolic pathway grown at lower irradiance of about 200 µmol m^‐2 s^‐1 during the first 20 min after dark‐to‐light transition. Measurements were done on 40‐min dark‐adapted leaves at PPFD of 500 µmol m^‐2 s^‐1 and ambient pO₂ (20 kPa). A, net CO₂ assimilation rate; g_{s_H2O}, leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour; C_i/C_a, ratio between intercellular and ambient pCO₂; Φ_PSII, quantum efficiency of Photosystem II; NPQ, non‐photochemical quenching. Mean ± SE, n = 5 biological replicates for WT, n = 4 otherwise (α> 0.05). Statistical analysis was performed at 5, 10, 15 and 20 min after the beginning of illumination using one‐way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test, letters indicate significant differences between the groups (α > 0.05); ns, not significant.