. 2020 Oct 27;19(3):575–588. doi: 10.1111/pbi.13487

Table 1.

Enzyme activity and leaf parameters determined on wild‐type (WT) O. sativa and three transgenic lines expressing enzymes of the C₄ metabolic pathway. Z. mays enzyme activity rates are given for comparison

Parameter	O. sativa				Z. mays
Parameter	WT	Line 1	Line B6	Line 29	Z. mays
Enzyme activity
PEPC, µmol m^‐2 s^‐1	2.40 ± 0.23^a	7.15 ± 0.32^b	6.14 ± 0.66^b	7.01 ± 1.02^b	315.20
MDH, µmol m^‐2 s^‐1	11.18 ± 1.59^a	104.01 ± 14.02^b	147.93 ± 27.07^b	152.87 ± 34.08^b	323.93
NADP‐ME, µmol m^‐2 s^‐1	0.14 ± 0.03^a	0.23 ± 0.05^a	0.96 ± 0.05^c	0.60 ± 0.03^b	48.66
PPDK, µmol m^‐2 s^‐1	0.31 ± 0.10^a	4.75 ± 0.33^c	3.53 ± 0.27^b	3.66 ± 0.14^b	37.81
CA, mol m^‐2 s^‐1 bar^‐1	15.74 ± 0.96^a	15.01 ± 1.60^a	15.67 ± 1.58^a	16.22 ± 2.84^a	9.71
Rubisco, µmol m^‐2 s^‐1	83.59 ± 5.63^a	74.12 ± 7.40^a	74.45 ± 6.13^a	65.00 ± 11.45^a	47.68
LMA, g (dry weight) m^‐2	57.62 ± 0.22^a	59.52 ± 0.15^a	69.52 ± 0.55^a	54.76 ± 0.33^a
Chlorophyll (a + b), mmol m^‐2	0.53 ± 0.02^a	0.53 ± 0.03^a	0.52 ± 0.04^a	0.55 ± 0.04^a
Chlorophyll a/b	4.57 ± 0.08^a	4.44 ± 0.12^a	4.48 ± 0.06^a	4.65 ± 0.10^a

Mean ± SE, n = 4 biological replicates. Significance was evaluated by one‐way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test, letters indicate significant differences between the groups (α> 0.05).

Abbreviations: CA, carbonic anhydrase; LMA, leaf mass per area; MDH, malate dehydrogenase; NADP‐ME, NADP‐dependent malic enzyme; PEPC, PEP carboxylase; PPDK, pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase; Rubisco, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase.