Table 1.

Effects of crocins on preclinical models of schizophrenia.

Scheme	Agent	Dose Range	Route	Behavioral Test	Effect	Reference
Rat	Crocins	15, 30, 50 mg/kg	i.p. acute	ORT	Crocins (15, 30 mg/kg) counteracted ketamine-induced non-spatial recognition memory deficits.	[49]
	Ketamine	3 mg/kg (NORT)	i.p. acute
	Ketamine	8 mg/kg (SI)	i.p. sub-chronic	SI	Crocins (50 mg/kg) attenuated ketamine-induced social isolation.	[49]
	Ketamine	25 mg/kg (motor activity)	i.p. acute	Motor activity, stereotypies, ataxia	Crocins (50 mg/kg) attenuated ketamine-induced hypermotility, stereotypies and ataxia.	[49]
Rat	Crocins	15, 30, 50 mg/kg	i.p. acute	ORT	Crocins (15, 30 mg/kg) counteracted ketamine-induced non-spatial recognition memory deficits.	[50]
	Apomorphine	1 mg/kg	i.p. acute
Rat	Crocins	15, 30, 50 mg/kg	i.p. acute	OLT	No effect	[50]
	Apomorphine	1 mg/kg	i.p. acute
Rat	Crocins	25, 50 mg/kg	i.p. acute	RR, OFT	Crocin (25, 50 mg/kg) counteracted MK-801-induced motor activity deficits.	[51]
	MK-801	1 mg/kg	i.p. acute
	Crocins	25, 50 mg/kg	i.p. acute	MWM	Crocin (25, 50 mg/kg) counteracted MK-801-induced spatial memory deficits.	[51]
	MK-801	1 mg/kg	i.p. acute

Abbreviations:i.p, intraperitoneally; MWM, Morris water maze; OFT, open field test; OLT, object location task; ORT, object recognition task; RR, rotarod; SI, social interaction.