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. 2021 Feb 25;21(5):1607. doi: 10.3390/s21051607

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Main steps of the video-signal processing for heart rate (HR) estimation. Starting from the bottom left, the facial video is recorded by mean of a PC webcam and the regions of interest (ROIs) are selected. Then, the R, G and B components are selected by mean of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm. The Heart Rate (HR) frequency is extracted after detrending, filtering and fast Fourier transformation. Finally, the HR values in time domain are obtained after z-score normalization.